角色压力和个人资源与护理：职业倦怠和投入的横断面研究。
Role stress and personal resources in nursing: a cross-sectional study of burnout and engagement.
机构信息
Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Int J Nurs Stud. 2011 Apr;48(4):479-89. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.08.004. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
BACKGROUND
The experience of role stress has been linked to burnout as an important job stressor, but the impact of this stressor in the context of engagement (characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption) has not yet been sufficiently studied among nurses. Personal resources also appear to influence the process of burnout and engagement.
OBJECTIVES
This study examines the influence of role stress and personal resources (optimism, hardy personality and emotional competence) in nursing on burnout and engagement dimensions.
DESIGN AND RESULTS
Cross-sectional data from 508 nurses from general hospitals in Madrid (Spain) showed that both role stress and personal resources were related to burnout and engagement dimensions, although role stress was more closely related to nursing burnout, whereas personal resources were more closely related to nursing engagement. In addition, optimism as a personal resource, showed a moderator effect on exhaustion and the three dimensions of engagement.
CONCLUSIONS
The study provides additional support about role stress as an important predictor of burnout and engagement in nursing, even after controlling for personal resources and socio-demographic variables.
背景
角色压力的体验与倦怠有关，是工作压力的一个重要因素，但在参与度（以活力、投入和专注为特征）的背景下，这种压力源在护士中的研究还不够充分。个人资源似乎也会影响倦怠和参与度的发生过程。
目的
本研究探讨了角色压力和个人资源（乐观、坚韧人格和情绪能力）对护理倦怠和参与度维度的影响。
设计和结果
来自马德里（西班牙）综合医院的 508 名护士的横断面数据显示，角色压力和个人资源都与倦怠和参与度维度有关，尽管角色压力与护理倦怠关系更密切，而个人资源与护理参与度关系更密切。此外，个人资源中的乐观作为一种，对疲惫和参与度的三个维度都表现出了调节作用。
结论
即使控制了个人资源和社会人口变量，该研究仍为角色压力是护理倦怠和参与的一个重要预测因素提供了额外的支持。
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