The effect of patient smoking habit on the outcome of IVF and GIFT treatment.

The outcomes of 650 patients, 108 of whom were smokers, receiving assisted reproduction treatment were assessed for the effects of smoking habit on ovulation, fertilization, implantation and pregnancy outcome. Smokers produced fewer oocytes, gave a pregnancy rate less than half that of the nonsmokers, and those smokers who became pregnant showed a markedly increased rate of miscarriage.