Ponti G, Crociara P, Armentano M, Bonfanti L
Department of Veterinary Morphophysiology and Scientific Institute, Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, University of Turin, Italy.
Arch Ital Biol. 2010 Jun;148(2):147-58.
Unlike non mammalian vertebrates, adult neurogenesis in mammals is detectable in highly restricted brain sites. Persistent neurogenesis is thought to depend on stem cells residing in neural stem cell niches which are remnants of the embryonic germinal layers. Local progenitors which retain some proliferative capacity have been identified in the mature brain parenchyma, yet they do not support a constitutive, 'actual' neurogenesis, but rather a 'potential' neurogenesis which does not extrinsecate fully and spontaneously in vivo. In contrast with such a view, genesis of neuronal and glial cells from local progenitors does occur in the peripuberal and adult rabbit cerebellum. This process is independent from persisting germinal layers and involves different cell populations.
与非哺乳动物脊椎动物不同，哺乳动物的成体神经发生仅在高度受限的脑区中可检测到。持续性神经发生被认为依赖于位于神经干细胞龛中的干细胞，这些干细胞龛是胚胎生发层的残余物。在成熟脑实质中已鉴定出具有一定增殖能力的局部祖细胞，但它们并不支持组成性的“实际”神经发生，而是支持一种“潜在”神经发生，这种神经发生在体内不能完全自发地向外发展。与这种观点相反，局部祖细胞产生神经元和胶质细胞的过程确实发生在青春期前后和成年兔的小脑中。这个过程独立于持续存在的生发层，并且涉及不同的细胞群体。
