Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Argentina.
Acta Trop. 2011 Jan;117(1):1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.08.006. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
Cystic echinococcosis is an endemic disease in the Province of Rio Negro, Argentina. Ultrasound surveys carried out in 1984 found prevalence rates of 5.6% in children between 6 and 14 years of age.
To describe and to evaluate the results of the strategy applied in school children by hospital services of the Province of Rio Negro with regard to diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of cystic echinococcosis and to evaluate simultaneously the results of the control program against cystic echinococcosis.
In 1997 ultrasound was chosen to carry out population surveys and the medical treatment criteria for the detected cases were standardized. The population under study involved 5745 students in the first survey and 22,793 in subsequent studies. The detected cases were classified according to Gharbi's scheme. A treatment algorithm was defined based only on monitoring ("watch and wait"), albendazole, surgery (open or laparoscopic) or mini-invasive procedures, according to type, location and size of the cyst. Information was also obtained on cases notified to the Health System between 1980 and 2008.
In the first survey, 70 carriers (1.2%) were detected; of these, 25 started albendazole treatment (35.7%) and only 3 (4.3%) underwent surgery. Ten years after treatment, 60.1% of 42 cases, presented Types IV and V cysts and 14.5% presented total involution of their cysts. In subsequent studies, 87 (0.4%) cases were detected, 49 of which started albendazole treatment (56.3%) and 9 underwent surgery (10.3%). The incidence rate of cystic echinococcosis cases decreased from 38×100,000 in 1980 to 3.7×100,000 in 2008.
A strong decrease in cystic echinococcosis was obtained although persistent levels of transmission were maintained. The cases produced under these conditions are diagnosed by means of ultrasound surveys and are treated using a plan based on albendazole and monitoring by the Health System during a period of 10 years.
囊性包虫病是阿根廷里奥内格罗省的地方性疾病。1984 年进行的超声调查发现，6 至 14 岁儿童的患病率为 5.6%。
描述并评估里奥内格罗省医院服务部门针对囊性包虫病在学童中应用的策略的结果，包括诊断、治疗和监测，并同时评估针对囊性包虫病的控制计划的结果。
1997 年，选择超声进行人群调查，并标准化了针对检测到的病例的医疗治疗标准。研究人群包括第一次调查中的 5745 名学生和随后研究中的 22793 名学生。根据 Gharbi 方案对检测到的病例进行分类。根据囊肿的类型、位置和大小，仅根据监测（“观察与等待”）、阿苯达唑、手术（开放或腹腔镜）或微创程序，定义了治疗算法。还获得了 1980 年至 2008 年期间向卫生系统报告的病例信息。
第一次调查中，发现了 70 名携带者（1.2%）；其中，25 人开始接受阿苯达唑治疗（35.7%），只有 3 人（4.3%）接受了手术。治疗 10 年后，42 例中有 60.1%出现了 IV 型和 V 型囊肿，14.5%的囊肿完全消退。在随后的研究中，发现了 87 例（0.4%）病例，其中 49 人开始接受阿苯达唑治疗（56.3%），9 人接受了手术（10.3%）。囊性包虫病病例的发病率从 1980 年的 38×100,000 下降到 2008 年的 3.7×100,000。
尽管保持了持续的传播水平，但仍获得了囊性包虫病的强烈下降。在这种情况下产生的病例通过超声调查进行诊断，并通过卫生系统在 10 年内使用基于阿苯达唑的计划进行治疗和监测。
