School of Environmental Studies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston ON, Canada K7L 3N6.
Bioresour Technol. 2011 Jan;102(2):1087-94. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.063. Epub 2010 Aug 25.
A bioenergy production and delivery system built around the Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway (GLSLS) transportation corridor was assessed for its ability to mitigate energy security and climate change risks. The land area within 100 km of the GLSLS and associated railway lines was estimated to be capable of producing at least 30 Mt(dry) yr(-1) of lignocellulosic biomass with minimal adverse impacts on food and fibre production. This was estimated to be sufficient to displace all of the coal-fired electricity in Ontario plus more than 620 million L of green diesel (equivalent to 5.3% of diesel consumption in GLSLS provinces). Lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions were 88% and 76% lower than coal-fired power and conventional diesel, respectively. Production costs of $120 MWh(-1) for power and up to $30 GJ(-1) ($1.1 L(-1)) for green diesel were higher than current market prices, but a value for low-carbon energy would narrow the price differential.
围绕大湖-圣劳伦斯航道（Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway，GLSLS）运输走廊构建的生物能源生产和输送系统，其缓解能源安全和气候变化风险的能力得到了评估。据估计，GLSLS 及其相关铁路沿线 100 公里范围内的陆地面积，每年至少能够生产 3000 万吨（干基）木质纤维素生物质，对粮食和纤维生产的负面影响最小。这足以替代安大略省所有的燃煤发电，以及超过 6.2 亿升的绿色柴油（相当于 GLSLS 省份柴油总消耗量的 5.3%）。与燃煤发电和传统柴油相比，生命周期温室气体排放量分别降低了 88%和 76%。电力生产成本为每兆瓦时 1.2 亿美元，绿色柴油的生产成本高达每吉焦 3000 万加元（每升 1.1 加元），高于当前的市场价格，但低碳能源的价值会缩小价格差距。
