Karahan Gursel
TAEK, Cekmece Nuclear Researches and Training Center, Yarımburgaz Mah. Nukleer Arastırma Merkezi Yolu Kucukcekmece, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2010 Dec;142(2-4):324-31. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncq217. Epub 2010 Sep 10.
Within the scope of this study, gamma radiation dose rate measurements have been carried out in the province of Bursa. The mean outdoor (terrestrial and cosmic) gamma dose rate in this area was 90 nGy h(-1). The cosmic gamma dose rate was measured to be 16 nGy h(-1) at the Iznik lake in the region. The mean annual effective dose due to outdoor gamma radiations was determined to be 110.4 µSv. The collective effective dose equivalent was calculated to be 3.21 × 10(2) man Sv per year. The average relative excess lifetime risk of fatal cancer was calculated at 4.50 × 10(-4) for the people living in the city. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides such as (238)U series, (232)Th series, (40)K and fission products like (137)Cs in surface soil samples were measured by using an HPGe-based gamma spectrometry system. The mean activity concentration of (238)U series, (232)Th series, (40)K and (137)Cs were found to be 55.9 Bq kg(-1) for (226)Ra, 23.6 Bq kg(-1) for (214)Pb, 22.5 Bq kg(-1) for (214)Bi, 31.3 Bq kg(-1) for (208)Tl, 32.9 Bq kg(-1) for (228)Ac, 430 Bq kg(-1) for (40)K and 5.4 Bq kg(-1) for (137)Cs. The radiation hazards associated with the radionuclides were estimated at an average of 136 Bq kg(-1) by calculating the radium equivalent activity (Ra(eq)). The mean calculated value of the external hazard index (H(ex)) for the soil was found to be 0.37.
在本研究范围内，在布尔萨省进行了伽马辐射剂量率测量。该地区室外（陆地和宇宙）伽马剂量率的平均值为90纳戈瑞每小时。该地区伊兹尼克湖的宇宙伽马剂量率测量值为16纳戈瑞每小时。室外伽马辐射所致的年有效剂量平均值确定为110.4微希沃特。集体有效剂量当量计算为每年3.21×10²人·希沃特。该城市居民致命癌症的平均相对超额终生风险计算为4.50×10⁻⁴。使用基于高纯锗的伽马能谱系统测量了表层土壤样品中天然放射性核素如²³⁸U系、²³²Th系、⁴⁰K以及裂变产物如¹³⁷Cs的活度浓度。²³⁸U系、²³²Th系、⁴⁰K和¹³⁷Cs的平均活度浓度分别为：²²⁶Ra为55.9贝克勒尔每千克、²¹⁴Pb为23.6贝克勒尔每千克、²¹⁴Bi为22.5贝克勒尔每千克、²⁰⁸Tl为31.3贝克勒尔每千克、²²⁸Ac为32.9贝克勒尔每千克、⁴⁰K为430贝克勒尔每千克、¹³⁷Cs为5.4贝克勒尔每千克。通过计算镭当量活度（Ra(eq)），估计与放射性核素相关的辐射危害平均为136贝克勒尔每千克。土壤的外照射危害指数（H(ex)）的平均计算值为0.37。
