Achenbach T M, Phares V, Howell C T, Rauh V A, Nurcombe B
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington 05401.
Child Dev. 1990 Dec;61(6):1672-81.
We compared 24 low-birthweight subjects of an experimental intervention (LBWE), 32 no-treatment controls (LBWC), and 37 normal birthweight (NBW) subjects. The intervention involved 7 hospital sessions and 4 home sessions in which a nurse helped mothers adapt to their LBW babies. At age 7, LBWE scored significantly higher than LBWC on the Kaufman Mental Processing Composite (p less than .001), Sequential (p = .02), and Simultaneous (p = .001) Scales, after statistical adjustments for socioeconomic status. LBWE did not differ from NBW (F less than 1). These results bear out a divergence between the LBWE and LBWC that first became statistically significant at age 3. The findings suggest that the intervention prevented cognitive lags among LBW children, and that long-term follow-ups are needed to evaluate the developmental effects of efforts to overcome major biological and environmental risks.
我们比较了24名接受实验性干预的低出生体重受试者（LBWE）、32名未接受治疗的对照组（LBWC）和37名正常出生体重（NBW）受试者。干预包括7次医院疗程和4次家庭疗程，期间有护士帮助母亲适应她们的低出生体重婴儿。在7岁时，在对社会经济地位进行统计调整后，LBWE在考夫曼心理加工综合量表（p小于0.001）、序列量表（p = 0.02）和同时性量表（p = 0.001）上的得分显著高于LBWC。LBWE与NBW没有差异（F小于1）。这些结果证实了LBWE和LBWC之间的差异，这种差异在3岁时首次具有统计学意义。研究结果表明，该干预措施预防了低出生体重儿童的认知滞后，并且需要进行长期随访以评估克服主要生物和环境风险的努力所产生的发育影响。
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