PROMEC Unit, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2010 Nov;27(11):1582-8. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2010.508050.
In the Centane magisterial area of South Africa, high rates of oesophageal cancer have been associated with home-grown maize contaminated with fumonisins. The aim of this study was to implement a simple intervention method to reduce fumonisin exposure in a subsistence-farming community. The hand-sorting and washing procedures, based on traditional maize-based food preparation practices, were previously customised under laboratory-controlled conditions. Home-grown maize and maize-based porridge collected at baseline were analysed for fumonisin B(1), B(2) and B(3). The geometric mean (95% confidence interval) of fumonisin contamination in the home-grown maize at baseline was 1.67 (1.21-2.32) mg kg(-1) and 1.24 (0.75-2.04) mg kg(-1) (dry weight) in the porridge. Fumonisin exposure was based on individual stiff porridge consumption and the specific fumonisin levels in the porridge (dry weight) consumed. Porridge (dry weight) consumption at baseline was 0.34 kg day(-1) and fumonisin exposure was 6.73 (3.90-11.6) µg kg(-1) body weight day(-1). Female participants (n = 22) were trained to recognise and remove visibly infected/damaged kernels and to wash the remaining maize kernels. The discarded kernels represented 3.9% by weight and the fumonisins varied from 17.1 to 76.9 mg kg(-1). The customised hand-sorting and washing procedures reduced fumonisin contamination in the maize and porridge by 84 and 65%, respectively. The intervention reduced fumonisin exposure by 62% to 2.55 (1.94-3.35) µg kg(-1) body weight day(-1). This simple intervention method has the potential to improve food safety and health in subsistence-farming communities consuming fumonisin-contaminated maize as their staple diet.
在南非 Centane 地区，高比例的食道癌与受伏马菌素污染的本土种植玉米有关。本研究的目的是实施一种简单的干预方法，以减少自给农业社区的伏马菌素暴露。基于传统的以玉米为基础的食品制备实践，对手工分拣和洗涤程序进行了调整。在基线时收集的本土种植玉米和玉米粥用于分析伏马菌素 B(1)、B(2) 和 B(3)。基线时本土种植玉米的伏马菌素污染几何平均值（95%置信区间）为 1.67（1.21-2.32）mg/kg（干重）和 1.24（0.75-2.04）mg/kg（干重）在粥中。伏马菌素暴露基于个体硬玉米粥的消费和粥中（干重）特定的伏马菌素水平。基线时粥（干重）的消耗量为 0.34kg/天，伏马菌素暴露量为 6.73（3.90-11.6）µg/kg 体重/天。培训了 22 名女性参与者，以识别和去除肉眼可见的受感染/损坏的玉米粒，并清洗剩余的玉米粒。丢弃的玉米粒占重量的 3.9%，伏马菌素含量从 17.1 到 76.9mg/kg 不等。定制的手工分拣和洗涤程序使玉米和粥中的伏马菌素污染分别减少了 84%和 65%。干预措施使伏马菌素暴露量减少了 62%，降至 2.55（1.94-3.35）µg/kg 体重/天。这种简单的干预方法有可能改善食用受伏马菌素污染的玉米作为主食的自给农业社区的食品安全和健康状况。
