体质指数与社会心理因素对服务欠缺青少年男女生身体活动的关系。
Relationship of body mass index and psychosocial factors on physical activity in underserved adolescent boys and girls.
机构信息
Department of Family Medicine, Primary Care Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 855 Montgomery Street, Ft. Worth, TX 76107, USA.
出版信息
Health Psychol. 2010 Sep;29(5):506-13. doi: 10.1037/a0020853.
OBJECTIVE
Previous research indicates that body mass index (BMI) and sex are important factors in understanding physical activity (PA) levels. The present study examined the influence of BMI on psychosocial variables (self-efficacy, social support) and PA in underserved (ethnic minority, low income) boys in comparison with girls.
METHODS
Participants (N = 669; 56% girls; 74% African American) were recruited from the "Active by Choice Today" trial.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
BMI ʐ score was calculated from objectively collected height and weight data, and PA was assessed with 7-day accelerometry estimates. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure self-efficacy and social support (family, peers) for PA.
RESULTS
A 3-way interaction between BMI z score, sex, and family support on PA was shown such that family support was positively associated with PA in normal-weight but not overweight or obese boys, and was not associated with PA in girls. Self-efficacy had the largest effect size related to PA in comparison with the other psychosocial variables studied.
CONCLUSIONS
Self-efficacy was found to be an important variable related to PA in underserved youth. Future studies should evaluate possible barriers to PA in girls, and overweight youth, to provide more effective family support strategies for underserved adolescents' PA.
目的
先前的研究表明，体重指数（BMI）和性别是理解体力活动（PA）水平的重要因素。本研究比较了女孩，检查了 BMI 对服务不足（少数民族、低收入）男孩的心理社会变量（自我效能、社会支持）和 PA 的影响。
方法
参与者（N=669；56%为女孩；74%为非裔美国人）是从“今天积极选择”试验中招募的。
主要观察指标
BMI z 评分是根据客观收集的身高和体重数据计算得出的，PA 是通过 7 天加速度计估计来评估的。自我报告问卷用于测量 PA 的自我效能和社会支持（家庭、同龄人）。
结果
BMI z 评分、性别和家庭支持对 PA 的 3 -way 交互作用表明，家庭支持与正常体重男孩的 PA 呈正相关，而与超重或肥胖男孩的 PA 无关，与女孩的 PA 无关。与研究中的其他心理社会变量相比，自我效能与 PA 的相关性最大。
结论
研究发现，自我效能是与服务不足的年轻人 PA 相关的重要变量。未来的研究应该评估女孩和超重青少年 PA 的可能障碍，为服务不足青少年的 PA 提供更有效的家庭支持策略。
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