Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Department of Individual, Family and Community Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2018 Feb 5;52(2):93-105. doi: 10.1007/s12160-017-9919-8.
Positive parenting practices and environmental supports have been linked to physical activity (PA) levels in youth, yet factors associated with positive parenting styles have been understudied in African American adolescents.
This study expands on previous literature by examining associations between motivation, parenting factors associated with Self-Determination Theory's psychological needs (competence, autonomy, and relatedness) including authoritative parenting, autonomy support and emotional and tangible support, and adolescent moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and light PA (LPA).
Participants were African American adolescents (N = 148; Mage = 13.6 years; MBMI% = 96.6) and their care-givers (Mage = 43.4 years; MBMI = 37.4) enrolled in the Families Improving Together for Weight Loss trial. Parenting factors were measured using self-report surveys, and PA minutes were measured using 7-day accelerometry estimates.
Regression analyses indicated that overall models for MVPA (F(11,134) = 4.35; R2 = 0.26) and LPA (F(11,134) = 5.84, R2 = 0.32) were significant. Adolescent motivation for PA (B = 0.58, SE = 0.16) was positively associated with MVPA minutes. Authoritative parenting (B = 15.71, SE = 4.38) and tangible support (B = 8.53, SE = 4.02) were positively associated with adolescent LPA minutes. Unexpectedly, emotional support was negatively associated with both MVPA (B = -0.47, SE = 0.17) and LPA (B = -11.22, SE = 4.79), with follow-up analyses showing this relationship stronger in males.
Findings highlight the importance of adolescent motivation for PA onMVPA and positive parenting styles and tangible supports on adolescent LPA in overweight African American youth. Recommendations for integrating these factors within the context of intervention studies are discussed.
积极的育儿实践和环境支持与青少年的身体活动（PA）水平有关，但在非裔美国青少年中，与积极的育儿方式相关的因素研究较少。
本研究通过检查与自我决定理论的心理需求（能力、自主性和关联性）相关的动机和育儿因素（包括权威型育儿、自主性支持以及情感和有形支持）与青少年中等到剧烈的身体活动（MVPA）和轻度身体活动（LPA）之间的关联，扩展了之前的文献。
参与者是非裔美国青少年（N=148；平均年龄=13.6 岁；MBMI%=96.6）及其照顾者（Mage=43.4 岁；MBMI=37.4），他们参加了“家庭共同减肥试验”。使用自我报告调查测量育儿因素，使用 7 天加速度计估计测量 PA 分钟数。
回归分析表明，MVPA（F（11,134）=4.35；R2=0.26）和 LPA（F（11,134）=5.84，R2=0.32）的整体模型均显著。青少年对 PA 的动机（B=0.58，SE=0.16）与 MVPA 分钟数呈正相关。权威型育儿（B=15.71，SE=4.38）和有形支持（B=8.53，SE=4.02）与青少年 LPA 分钟数呈正相关。出乎意料的是，情感支持与 MVPA（B=-0.47，SE=0.17）和 LPA（B=-11.22，SE=4.79）均呈负相关，后续分析表明这种关系在男性中更强。
研究结果强调了青少年对 PA 的动机对 MVPA 的重要性，以及超重非裔美国青少年中积极的育儿方式和有形支持对 LPA 的重要性。讨论了在干预研究背景下整合这些因素的建议。
