Pereira Luciano José, Pereira-Cenci Tatiana, Del Bel Cury Altair Antoninha, Pereira Stela Márcia, Pereira Antônio Carlos, Ambosano Glaucia Maria Bovi, Gavião Maria Beatriz Duarte
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil.
Pediatr Dent. 2010 Jul-Aug;32(4):324-8.
Although temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has been presumed to be a condition affecting adults, studies have reported the presence of signs and symptoms in children. The purpose of this paper was to verify the influence of gender, mother's gestational behavior, malocclusion, and oral habits as risk indicators for TMD in 12-year-old adolescents.
TMD pain was assessed by research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD; axis I). Five-hundred fifty-eight subjects (330 girls and 228 boys) underwent examinations. Bivariate analyses were performed using the chisquare test. The logistic regression models were adjusted estimating the odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and significance level.
Only 2% of boys and 7% of girls presented one of the axis I categories. Gender was significantly related to TMD diagnosis (P<.01). Menarche, however, was not associated. Malocclusion, mother's gestational behavior, and children's oral habits were not associated with incidence of TMD (P>.05). Girls were almost 4 times more affected than boys (OR=3.97; CI=1.51-10.53).
The mothers' gestational behavior and presence of menarche, malocclusion, and oral habits by their adolescents were not associated with diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder. Gender was the only factor associated with the incidence of TMD in 12-year-old adolescents.
尽管颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）被认为是一种影响成年人的疾病，但已有研究报道儿童中存在相关体征和症状。本文旨在验证性别、母亲的孕期行为、错牙合畸形和口腔习惯作为12岁青少年TMD风险指标的影响。
采用颞下颌关节紊乱病研究诊断标准（RDC/TMD；轴I）评估TMD疼痛。558名受试者（330名女孩和228名男孩）接受了检查。使用卡方检验进行双变量分析。对逻辑回归模型进行调整，估计比值比（OR）、95%置信区间（CI）和显著性水平。
只有2%的男孩和7%的女孩出现了轴I分类中的一种情况。性别与TMD诊断显著相关（P<.01）。然而，月经初潮与之无关。错牙合畸形、母亲的孕期行为和儿童的口腔习惯与TMD发病率无关（P>.05）。女孩受影响的几率几乎是男孩的4倍（OR=3.97；CI=1.51-10.53）。
母亲的孕期行为、青少年的月经初潮、错牙合畸形和口腔习惯与颞下颌关节紊乱病的诊断无关。性别是与12岁青少年TMD发病率相关的唯一因素。
