Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Center for Global Child Health, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan;27(1):19-23. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e32833f215d.
To highlight recent advances in our understanding of prolonged episodes of acute diarrhea and persistent diarrhea in children. The focus is on the contribution of these illnesses to the global burden of diarrhea, their impact on childhood growth and development, novel epidemiologic links between prolonged and persistent diarrheal episodes, and strategies for their prevention and management.
Although less common than acute diarrhea, prolonged and persistent episodes of diarrhea in childhood constitute a significant portion of the global burden of diarrhea. These episodes also play a key role in the vicious cycle of childhood diarrhea and malnutrition in which undernutrition is both a risk factor and an outcome of diarrhea. Increased efforts to provide WHO-recommended zinc therapy for all children with diarrhea in developing countries will significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. In children who develop persistent diarrhea, yogurt-based or amino acid-based diets may accelerate their recovery.
In addition to increased implementation of strategies already known to effectively prevent and manage acute diarrhea, further research is needed to address the recognition, prevention, and treatment of prolonged episodes of acute diarrhea and persistent diarrhea in resource-limited settings.
强调对儿童迁延性和持续性急性腹泻认识的最新进展。重点讨论这些疾病对全球腹泻负担的影响、对儿童生长发育的影响、迁延性和持续性腹泻发作之间新的流行病学联系，以及预防和管理这些疾病的策略。
虽然不如急性腹泻常见，但儿童迁延性和持续性腹泻在全球腹泻负担中占很大比例。这些疾病在儿童腹泻和营养不良的恶性循环中也起着关键作用，其中营养不良既是腹泻的一个危险因素，也是腹泻的一个结果。在发展中国家，加大力度为所有腹泻儿童提供世卫组织推荐的锌治疗，将显著降低发病率和死亡率。对于发展为持续性腹泻的儿童，酸奶或氨基酸饮食可能会加速其康复。
除了加强实施已被证实可有效预防和管理急性腹泻的策略外，还需要进一步研究，以解决资源有限环境下对迁延性急性腹泻和持续性腹泻的识别、预防和治疗。
