APEF, Station Expérimentale de l'Endive, Arras, France.
Pest Manag Sci. 2010 Dec;66(12):1332-6. doi: 10.1002/ps.2019. Epub 2010 Sep 13.
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a major pathogen of witloof chicory. For lack of authorised field treatment, post-harvest sprays with dicarboximide fungicides have been standard practice since the 1970s to prevent root rot and chicory heart decay during the forcing phase. However, the registration of procymidone and vinclozolin has been withdrawn in Europe. The development of organic agriculture and the necessity to reduce fungicide applications in conventional agriculture prompted an assessment of the efficacy of new fungicides and the use of the mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans (Campbell).
A mixture of the fungicides fludioxonil and cyprodinil (Switch(®) ) applied on chicory roots achieved a very good control of S. sclerotiorum (up to 95%). The use of C. minitans limited root infection, both when applied in the field (50-65% efficacy) and before the forcing period (post-harvest treatment up to 80%).
In organic agriculture, two treatments with C. minitans (in field and later at the forcing period) could improve protection against S. sclerotiorum. In conventional agriculture, after the field biological treatment, a post-harvest chemical treatment could be applied. The addition of other prophylactic methods could lead to a high level of performance in practice against decay caused by S. sclerotiorum.
核盘菌（Lib.）de Bary 是菊苣的主要病原体。由于缺乏授权的田间处理方法，自 20 世纪 70 年代以来，在强制阶段为了防止根腐病和菊苣黑心腐烂，一直采用二羧酰亚胺杀菌剂进行采后喷雾。然而，在欧洲，procymidone 和 vinclozolin 的注册已被撤销。有机农业的发展以及减少常规农业中杀菌剂应用的必要性促使人们评估了新杀菌剂的功效以及真菌寄生菌盾壳霉（Coniothyrium minitans）（坎贝尔）的使用。
将杀菌剂氟啶酮和 cyprodinil（Switch(®)）混合施用于菊苣根部，对核盘菌（高达 95%）的防治效果非常好。在田间（50-65%的效果）和强制期之前（采后处理高达 80%）使用 C. minitans 可限制根部感染。
在有机农业中，两次使用 C. minitans（田间和随后的强制期）可以改善对 S. sclerotiorum 的保护。在常规农业中，在田间生物处理后，可以进行采后化学处理。添加其他预防方法可以在实践中实现高水平的性能，以防止由 S. sclerotiorum 引起的腐烂。
