Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addictions, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Can J Psychiatry. 2010 Sep;55(9):606-9. doi: 10.1177/070674371005500909.
To assess the prevalence of nonmedical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) in the Canadian general adult population in the context of rising overall prescription opioid (PO) consumption and related problems in North America.
The prevalence of NMPOU was assessed as a multiitem construct in the Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey (CADUMS; n = 16 672), an ongoing cross-sectional monthly random digit dialing telephone survey representative of the general Canadian population, aged 15 years and older. CADUMS data were collected between April and December of 2008 with a response rate of 43.5%.
About 22% of CADUMS respondents reported PO use in the last year, while 0.5% reported NMPOU during the same time frame. PO use was significantly higher among women than among men, and highest in the group aged 25 to 54 years. NMPOU was similar among men and women, and highest in the group aged 15 to 24 years.
CADUMS data indicate an extremely low rate of NMPOU, especially given the levels of overall PO use, other PO-use related problems, and NMPOU levels estimated in the general US population where NMPOU has been assessed to be 10 times higher than in Canada. NMPOU survey item construction and response rates appear to strongly influence and potentially compromise NMPOU survey data. Existing NMPOU data and survey methods need to be validated for this important indicator in Canada, where increasing PO use and problem levels have been recognized as a significant and rising public health problem.
在北美整体处方类阿片（PO）消费增加以及相关问题的背景下，评估加拿大普通成年人群中存在的非医疗目的使用处方类阿片（NMPOU）的流行率。
通过正在进行的、具有代表性的、针对加拿大普通人群（年龄在 15 岁及以上）的每月横断面随机数字拨号电话调查——加拿大酒精和药物使用监测调查（CADUMS），采用多项目构念评估 NMPOU 的流行率。CADUMS 数据于 2008 年 4 月至 12 月间收集，应答率为 43.5%。
大约 22%的 CADUMS 受访者报告在过去一年中使用过 PO，而同期有 0.5%的受访者报告存在 NMPOU。女性的 PO 使用率明显高于男性，25 至 54 岁年龄组的 PO 使用率最高。男性和女性的 NMPOU 相似，15 至 24 岁年龄组的 NMPOU 最高。
CADUMS 数据表明，NMPOU 的发生率极低，尤其是考虑到整体 PO 使用水平、其他与 PO 使用相关的问题以及在一般美国人群中估计的 NMPOU 水平（NMPOU 在美国的发生率是加拿大的 10 倍）。NMPOU 调查项目的构建和应答率似乎强烈影响并可能损害 NMPOU 调查数据。在加拿大，需要对这一重要指标进行 NMPOU 现有数据和调查方法的验证，因为已认识到 PO 使用和问题水平的增加是一个重大且不断上升的公共卫生问题。
