Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2013 May;32(3):276-87. doi: 10.1111/dar.12025. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
To assess the prevalence and key covariates of non-medical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) in two representative surveys of adults (Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Monitor, CM) and secondary-school students (Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, OSDUHS).
Data from the 2010 and 2011 cycles (n = 4023) of CM--a stratified, multi-stage, random-digit-dialling telephone survey of adults (18 years and older)--and the 2011 cycle of OSDUHS (n = 3266)--a self-administered written questionnaire-based survey of grade 7-12 public system students--were used. Besides NMPOU prevalence, associations were assessed by univariate and multi-step multivariate (logistic regression) analyses. NMPOU and key socioeconomic (i.e. sex, age, Aboriginal ethnicity, household location, income, subjective social status), health indicators (physical health status, psychological distress, suicidal ideation), drug use (cigarette smoking, binge drinking, cannabis use, other drug use) were measured.
NMPOU (past year) prevalence was 15.5% in students and 5.9% in adults. Various univariate associations with social, health and drug use factors were found in both populations, with differences by sex. Based on multivariate analyses, other drug use (male students) and rural residence, subjective social status, other drug use and suicidal ideation (female students); marital status and cannabis use (male adults) and binge drinking (female adults) were independently associated with NMPOU in the respective study populations.
NMPOU was high in adults and especially students. Independent predictors of NMPOU were largely inconsistent by sex. Notably, NMPOU is widely distributed across socio-demographic and -economic strata, and thus requires broad-based interventions.
评估在两个代表性的成年人调查（成瘾和心理健康监测中心，CM）和中学生（安大略省学生药物使用和健康调查，OSDUHS）中，非医疗处方类阿片类药物使用（NMPOU）的流行率和主要协变量。
使用了来自 CM 的 2010 年和 2011 年周期（n=4023）的数据，这是一个分层、多阶段、随机数字拨号电话调查成年人（18 岁及以上），以及 OSDUHS 的 2011 年周期（n=3266），这是一个基于自我管理的书面问卷的公立系统 7-12 年级学生调查。除了 NMPOU 流行率外，还通过单变量和多步骤多变量（逻辑回归）分析评估了关联。NMPOU 和主要社会经济（即性别、年龄、原住民种族、家庭所在地、收入、主观社会地位）、健康指标（身体健康状况、心理困扰、自杀意念）、药物使用（吸烟、狂饮、大麻使用、其他药物使用）进行了测量。
学生中有 15.5%，成年人中有 5.9%过去一年有 NMPOU。在两个群体中，都发现了与社会、健康和药物使用因素的各种单变量关联，且存在性别差异。基于多变量分析，其他药物使用（男学生）和农村居住地、主观社会地位、其他药物使用和自杀意念（女学生）；婚姻状况和大麻使用（男成年人）和狂饮（女成年人）与各自研究人群中的 NMPOU 独立相关。
NMPOU 在成年人和学生中都很高。NMPOU 的独立预测因素在性别上基本不一致。值得注意的是，NMPOU 在社会人口和经济阶层中广泛分布，因此需要广泛的干预措施。
