National Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 8149 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2011 Feb;399(5):1773-80. doi: 10.1007/s00216-010-4185-7. Epub 2010 Sep 16.
Physicochemical properties important in exposure characterisation of four different welding aerosols were investigated. Particle number size distributions were determined by scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), mass size distributions by separation and weighing the individual size fractions of an 11-stage cascade impactor. The size distribution of the primary particles of agglomerates, chemical composition and morphology of the particles were examined by TEM. There were significant differences in the particle number size distributions of the different welding aerosols according to the SMPS determinations. The particle mass size distributions determined gravimetrically were, however, not really different. The dominant range with respect to mass was between 0.1 and 1 μm, regardless of the welding technique. Most of the primary particles in all different welding aerosols had diameters between 5 and 40 nm. All types of primary particles had a tendency to form chainlike agglomerates. A clear size dependence of the particle chemical composition was encountered in the case of manual metal arc welding aerosol. Small particles with diameters below 50 nm were mostly metal oxides in contrast to larger particles which also contained more volatile elements (e.g. potassium, fluorine, sodium, sulphur).
研究了四种不同焊接气溶胶暴露特征的重要物理化学性质。通过扫描迁移率颗粒粒径仪（SMPS）测定了颗粒数粒径分布，通过分离和称重 11 级级联冲击器的各个粒径级分测定了质量粒径分布。通过 TEM 检查了团聚体的初级颗粒的大小分布、颗粒的化学成分和形态。根据 SMPS 测定，不同焊接气溶胶的颗粒数粒径分布存在显著差异。然而，通过重量法测定的颗粒质量粒径分布并没有真正的差异。无论焊接技术如何，质量的主要范围都在 0.1 到 1 μm 之间。所有不同焊接气溶胶中的大多数初级颗粒的直径都在 5 到 40 nm 之间。所有类型的初级颗粒都有形成链状团聚体的趋势。在手动金属电弧焊接气溶胶的情况下，遇到了颗粒化学成分的明显尺寸依赖性。直径小于 50nm 的小颗粒主要是金属氧化物，而较大的颗粒则还含有更多挥发性元素（如钾、氟、钠、硫）。
