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感觉肥胖:超重女性和男性的动机、认知与态度。

Feeling fat: motivations, knowledge, and attitudes of overweight women and men.

作者信息

Harris M B, Waschull S, Walters L

机构信息

Department of Educational Foundations, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131.

出版信息

Psychol Rep. 1990 Dec;67(3 Pt 2):1191-202. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1990.67.3f.1191.

Abstract

This study concerned obesity from the perspective of 47 women and 8 men who considered themselves overweight. They responded to a questionnaire about various aspects of motivation to lose weight, knowledge about obesity, and personal and societal attitudes toward the obese. Although they reduced calorie intake and increased exercise when trying to lose weight, they reported various reasons why their exercise levels were less than optimal. Verbal motivation to lose was only partially reflected in willingness to change lifestyle, even though respondents had spent substantial sums of money on weight-loss attempts. Knowledge about obesity was imperfect, with women and thinner subjects somewhat more knowledgeable. Subjects were aware of and shared some of the negative social stereotypes of the obese, blaming themselves for their overweight. However, most would not trade their obesity for other handicaps found less stigmatizing in other research. As expected, women expressed a greater desire for thinness than men. Implications for health care professionals are discussed.

摘要

本研究从47名女性和8名男性的角度探讨了肥胖问题,这些人自认为超重。他们回答了一份关于减肥动机的各个方面、肥胖知识以及个人和社会对肥胖者态度的问卷。尽管他们在试图减肥时减少了卡路里摄入量并增加了运动量,但他们报告了各种原因,说明自己的运动水平未达到最佳状态。减肥的口头动机仅部分反映在改变生活方式的意愿上,尽管受访者在减肥尝试上花费了大量金钱。关于肥胖的知识并不完善,女性和较瘦的受试者知识稍多一些。受试者意识到并认同一些对肥胖者的负面社会刻板印象,将自己的超重归咎于自己。然而,在其他研究中,大多数人不会用自己的肥胖去换取其他不那么受歧视的残疾。不出所料,女性比男性表现出更强烈的追求苗条的愿望。文中讨论了对医疗保健专业人员的启示。

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