Department of Ophthalmology, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.
Cornea. 2011 Jan;30(1):1-6. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181da5778.
To investigate the relationship of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and other prevalent ocular diseases with dry eye (DE) in a general adult population.
An age-stratified random sample of 1155 subjects aged ≥40 years was selected in O Salnés, Spain. From 937 eligible subjects, 654 (69.8%) participated (mean age (SD): 63.6 (14.4) years; range: 40-96; and 37.2% males). A standardized DE questionnaire was administered. Objective evaluation included the Schirmer test, tear film breakup time (TBUT), fluorescein staining, and rose bengal staining. DE was defined as the simultaneous presence of symptoms and at least one sign. The relationship of MGD and other ocular diseases with DE was investigated. A design-based analysis was performed, and all calculations were weighted to give unbiased estimates.
DE and MGD prevalence were 11.0% [95% confidence interval (CI), 8.6-13.3] and 30.5% (95% CI, 26.9-34.1), respectively. MGD was present in 45.8% (95% CI, 34.8-57.2) of subjects with DE and was associated, after controlling for age and sex, with DE [adjusted odds ratios (ORa), 1.81]; with symptoms (ORa, 2.26); and with TBUT (ORa, 1.97), fluorescein staining (ORa, 2.09) and rose bengal staining (ORa, 3.25). The remaining ocular diseases were not associated with symptoms. However, pterygium was significantly associated with fluorescein staining (ORa, 1.89); cataract surgery with TBUT (ORa, 2.79); trauma and pseudoexfoliation with rose bengal staining (ORa, 2.75 and ORa, 4.04); and glaucoma with TBUT (ORa, 3.26), fluorescein staining (ORa, 3.40), and rose bengal staining (ORa, 3.46).
DE and MGD are common diseases in this population. MGD is strongly associated with symptoms and signs of DE. Nearly half of the subjects with DE have MGD. Pterygium, trauma, cataract surgery, pseudoexfoliation, and glaucoma are associated with signs of DE.
在一般成年人群中，调查睑板腺功能障碍（MGD）和其他常见眼部疾病与干眼症（DE）的关系。
在西班牙奥萨莱纳斯，按年龄分层随机抽取 1155 名年龄≥40 岁的受试者。在 937 名符合条件的受试者中，有 654 名（69.8%；平均年龄（标准差）：63.6（14.4）岁；范围：40-96；男性占 37.2%）参与了研究。对他们进行了一份关于干眼症的标准化问卷评估。客观评估包括 Schirmer 测试、泪膜破裂时间（TBUT）、荧光素染色和玫瑰红染色。DE 的定义是同时存在症状和至少一个体征。研究了 MGD 和其他眼部疾病与 DE 的关系。进行了基于设计的分析，所有计算均经过加权处理，以给出无偏估计。
DE 和 MGD 的患病率分别为 11.0%（95%置信区间[CI]：8.6-13.3）和 30.5%（95%CI：26.9-34.1）。在患有 DE 的受试者中，MGD 的患病率为 45.8%（95%CI：34.8-57.2），在控制年龄和性别后，MGD 与 DE 相关（校正优势比[ORa]，1.81）；与症状相关（ORa，2.26）；与 TBUT（ORa，1.97）、荧光素染色（ORa，2.09）和玫瑰红染色（ORa，3.25）相关。其余眼部疾病与症状无关。然而，翼状胬肉与荧光素染色显著相关（ORa，1.89）；白内障手术与 TBUT 相关（ORa，2.79）；创伤和假性剥脱与玫瑰红染色相关（ORa，2.75 和 ORa，4.04）；青光眼与 TBUT（ORa，3.26）、荧光素染色（ORa，3.40）和玫瑰红染色（ORa，3.46）相关。
在该人群中，DE 和 MGD 是常见疾病。MGD 与 DE 的症状和体征密切相关。近一半的 DE 患者患有 MGD。翼状胬肉、创伤、白内障手术、假性剥脱和青光眼与 DE 的体征有关。
