University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
Int J Psychiatry Med. 2010;40(2):163-81. doi: 10.2190/PM.40.2.c.
The number of cancer survivors is steadily increasing. Following completion of primary cancer treatment and many years thereafter, specific symptoms continue to negatively affect cancer survivors. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence of symptom burden following primary treatment for cancer in survivors of the most common types of cancer (breast, gynecological, prostate, and colorectal).
A systematic review of literature published between the years 2000-2008 that reported late-effects and/or long-term psychosocial symptoms associated with cancer survivorship post-completion of primary cancer treatment was conducted. The symptoms include physical limitations, cognitive limitations, depression/anxiety, sleep problems, fatigue, pain, and sexual dysfunctions.
Symptom burden associated with cancer survivorship was consistent among the four most common types of cancer (breast, gynecological, prostate, and rectal/colon), despite various types of treatment exposure. Generally, across the cancer groups, depressive symptoms, pain, and fatigue were commonly found in cancer survivors.
Based on longitudinal and cross-sectional evidence, cancer survivors can experience symptoms for more than 10 years following treatment. These symptoms were present in survivors of all four cancer types who underwent a wide variety of treatment. The results indicate that these symptoms should be evaluated and managed to optimize long-term outcomes.
癌症幸存者的数量正在稳步增加。在完成主要癌症治疗后多年，特定症状仍会继续对癌症幸存者产生负面影响。本文的目的是回顾最常见类型癌症（乳腺癌、妇科癌症、前列腺癌和结直肠癌）幸存者在完成主要癌症治疗后，其癌症相关症状负担的证据。
对 2000 年至 2008 年间发表的文献进行系统回顾，这些文献报告了癌症幸存者在完成主要癌症治疗后与晚期效应和/或长期心理社会症状相关的情况。这些症状包括身体限制、认知限制、抑郁/焦虑、睡眠问题、疲劳、疼痛和性功能障碍。
尽管治疗方式不同，但四种最常见类型的癌症（乳腺癌、妇科癌症、前列腺癌和直肠/结肠癌）的癌症幸存者的症状负担一致。通常，在癌症患者中，抑郁症状、疼痛和疲劳较为常见。
基于纵向和横断面证据，癌症幸存者在治疗后 10 多年仍可能出现症状。这些症状出现在经历了各种治疗的所有四种癌症类型的幸存者中。结果表明，应评估和管理这些症状，以优化长期结局。
