Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Nov 1;408(23):5917-23. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.031. Epub 2010 Sep 17.
Animal manure is a significant source of environmental pollution and manure dilution in barn cleaning and slurry storage is a common practice in animal agriculture. The effect of swine manure dilution on releases of four pollutant gases was studied in a 30-day experiment using eight manure reactors divided into two groups. One group was treated with swine manure of 6.71% dry matter and another with manure diluted with water to 3.73% dry matter. Ammonia release from the diluted manure was 3.32 mg min(-1)m(-2) and was 71.0% of the 4.67 mg min(-1)m(-2) from the undiluted manure (P<0.01). Because the ammonia release reduction ratio was lower than the manure dilution ratio, dilution could increase the total ammonia emissions from swine manure, especially in lagoons with large liquid surface areas. Carbon dioxide release of 87.3 mg min(-1)m(-2) from the diluted manure was 56.4% of the 154.8 mg min(-1)m(-2) from the undiluted manure (P<0.01). Manure dry matter was an important factor for carbon dioxide release from manure. No differences were observed between the treatments (P>0.05) for both hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide releases. Therefore, dilution could also significantly increase the total releases of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide to the environment because dilution adds to the total manure volume and usually also increases the total gas release surface area.
动物粪便是环境污染的一个重要来源，在畜舍清理和粪浆储存过程中，对粪便进行稀释是动物农业中的常见做法。本研究采用 8 个粪肥反应器，将其分为两组，每组各 4 个，进行了为期 30 天的实验，研究了猪粪稀释对 4 种污染物气体释放的影响。一组处理用干物质含量为 6.71%的猪粪，另一组则用 3.73%的水稀释的猪粪。从稀释的猪粪中释放的氨为 3.32mgmin(-1)m(-2)，是未稀释猪粪中 4.67mgmin(-1)m(-2)氨释放量的 71.0%（P<0.01）。由于氨释放减少的比例低于粪便稀释的比例，因此稀释可能会增加猪粪的总氨排放量，尤其是在具有较大液面积的沼气池。从稀释的猪粪中释放的二氧化碳为 87.3mgmin(-1)m(-2)，是未稀释猪粪中 154.8mgmin(-1)m(-2)二氧化碳释放量的 56.4%（P<0.01）。粪肥干物质是粪肥中二氧化碳释放的一个重要因素。两种处理（P>0.05）之间在硫化氢和二氧化硫的释放上均无差异。因此，由于稀释会增加粪便总量，通常也会增加总气体释放表面积，因此稀释也会显著增加硫化氢和二氧化硫向环境中的总排放量。
