猪、奶牛、肉牛和蛋鸡粪便以及城市污水中污染物气体的排放特征。

Characteristics of pollutant gas releases from swine, dairy, beef, and layer manure, and municipal wastewater.

机构信息

Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark.

Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

出版信息

Water Res. 2015 Jun 1;76:110-9. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.050. Epub 2015 Mar 3.

DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.050

PMID:25794466

Abstract

Knowledge about characteristics of gas releases from various types of organic wastes can assist in developing gas pollution reduction technologies and establishing environmental regulations. Five different organic wastes, i.e., four types of animal manure (swine, beef, dairy, and layer hen) and municipal wastewater, were studied for their characteristics of ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) releases for 38 or 43 days in reactors under laboratory conditions. Weekly waste additions and continuous reactor headspace ventilation were supplied to simulate waste storage conditions. Results demonstrated that among the five waste types, layer hen manure and municipal wastewater had the highest and lowest NH3 release potentials, respectively. Layer manure had the highest and dairy manure had the lowest CO2 release potentials. Dairy manure and layer manure had the highest and lowest H2S release potentials, respectively. Beef manure and layer manure had the highest and lowest SO2 releases, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of the different types of wastes, especially the total nitrogen, total ammoniacal nitrogen, dry matter, and pH, had strong influence on the releases of the four gases. Even for the same type of waste, the variation in physicochemical characteristics affected the gas releases remarkably.

摘要

关于各种类型有机废物释放气体特性的知识可以帮助开发气体污染减排技术和制定环境法规。本研究采用实验室条件下的 38 或 43 天反应器，对 5 种不同的有机废物（4 种动物粪便[猪、牛、奶牛和蛋鸡]和城市污水）的氨（NH3）、二氧化碳（CO2）、硫化氢（H2S）和二氧化硫（SO2）释放特性进行了研究。每周添加废物并持续对反应器顶部空间通风，以模拟废物储存条件。结果表明，在这 5 种废物类型中，蛋鸡粪便和城市污水的 NH3释放潜力最高和最低，分别。奶牛粪便的 CO2 释放潜力最高，而蛋鸡粪便的 CO2 释放潜力最低。奶牛粪便和蛋鸡粪便的 H2S 释放潜力最高和最低，分别。牛粪和蛋鸡粪便的 SO2 释放潜力最高和最低，分别。不同类型废物的理化特性，特别是总氮、氨氮、干物质和 pH 值，对四种气体的释放有很强的影响。即使是同一类型的废物，其理化特性的变化也会显著影响气体的释放。