Kennedy/Jenks Consultants, 2355 Main Street, Suite 140, Irvine, California 92614, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Oct 15;44(20):7808-13. doi: 10.1021/es101355k.
Bench scale studies were performed to evaluate removal and toxicity of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and copper ions in activated sludge biomass. The data indicated that, under the test conditions, copper nanoparticles were removed more effectively (∼95%) than copper ions (30-70%) from the wastewater. Mechanisms of CuNP removal were further investigated by equilibrating CuNP and copper ion in activated sludge filtrate (0.45 μm). The predominant mechanisms of copper removal appear to be aggregation and settling (CuNP) or precipitation (copper ion) rather than biosorption. Most probable number (MPN) test data indicated that addition of 10 mg/L of copper ion was toxic to both coliform and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the wastewater while no inhibitory effects were observed with the addition of the same amount of copper nanoparticles. Respirometry data indicated a 55% decrease in respiration rate when 10 mg/L ionic copper was added. However, no significant decrease in respiration rate was observed in the presence of copper nanoparticles. The toxicity of copper to activated sludge microorganisms appears to be a function of the concentration and characteristics of copper remaining in solution/suspension.
进行了台架规模研究，以评估铜纳米颗粒 (CuNPs) 和铜离子在活性污泥生物量中的去除和毒性。数据表明，在测试条件下，铜纳米颗粒比铜离子（30-70%）更有效地从废水中去除（~95%）。通过在活性污泥滤液（0.45 μm）中平衡 CuNP 和铜离子，进一步研究了 CuNP 去除的机制。铜去除的主要机制似乎是聚集和沉淀（CuNP）或沉淀（铜离子），而不是生物吸附。最大可能数 (MPN) 测试数据表明，在废水中添加 10 mg/L 的铜离子对大肠菌和氨氧化菌均有毒性，而添加相同量的铜纳米颗粒则没有观察到抑制作用。呼吸计数据表明，当添加 10 mg/L 离子铜时，呼吸速率下降了 55%。然而，在存在铜纳米颗粒的情况下，呼吸速率没有明显下降。铜对活性污泥微生物的毒性似乎是溶液/悬浮液中剩余铜的浓度和特性的函数。
