Swords L, Hennessy E, Heary C
School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
Child Care Health Dev. 2011 May;37(3):446-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01151.x. Epub 2010 Sep 21.
Research has shown that children's beliefs about the causes of psychological problems are related to their attitudes and reactions towards affected peers. This study describes the development of the Children's Attributions about Psychological Problems in their Peers (CAPPP) Scale, which assesses children's beliefs about the causes of an internalizing and an externalizing condition.
The 16 items comprising the CAPPP are derived from previous qualitative research findings. Five hundred and ninety-five young people, drawn from five different age groups spanning early childhood to late adolescence, completed a CAPPP Scale for each of two vignettes describing the behaviour of hypothetical peers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depression.
Modifications following consideration of psychometric properties and conceptual fit resulted in a 12-item scale. For both the ADHD and depression conditions, the components that emerged were 'Volition', 'Recent Life Stress', 'Family Factors' and 'School Factors'.
The present study represents the first field trial of the CAPPP. Results suggest that children's and adolescents' beliefs about the causes of psychological problems are multidimensional and incorporate both individual and environmental factors.
研究表明，儿童对心理问题成因的看法与其对受影响同伴的态度和反应有关。本研究描述了儿童对同伴心理问题的归因（CAPPP）量表的编制过程，该量表用于评估儿童对内化和外化状况成因的看法。
构成CAPPP的16个项目源自先前的定性研究结果。从幼儿期到青少年晚期的五个不同年龄组中抽取了595名年轻人，他们针对两个描述患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和抑郁症的假想同伴行为的 vignette 分别完成了一份CAPPP量表。
在考虑心理测量特性和概念契合度后进行的修改产生了一个12个项目的量表。对于ADHD和抑郁症状况，出现的组成部分包括“意志力”“近期生活压力”“家庭因素”和“学校因素”。
本研究是CAPPP的首次现场试验。结果表明，儿童和青少年对心理问题成因的看法是多维度的，包含个体和环境因素。
