Holma B, Lindegren M, Andersen J M
Arch Environ Health. 1977 Sep-Oct;32(5):216-26. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1977.10667285.
Tracheal cilia of cows exposed, in vitro, for 20 hours to different acidities and alkalinities of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide, respectively, showed ciliomotility at pH values as low as 4.9, while the epithelial cells began to be expelled from the mucosa at pH 6.7, initiating a reduction of ciliary function around this pH value. In alkaline reactions, ciliostasis occurred at pH 9.76. Destroyed cilia were found above pH 10.15, while they were morphologically unchanged at pH values as low as 4.0, the lowest value examined. The first symptoms, however, of adverse effects were intracellular edema and the simultaneous occurrence of cellular polyps in both acid and alkaline reactions at pH 6.7 and 9.5, respectively. The results indicate that the early effects of air pollutants are better demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy studies than by, e.g., studies of ciliomotility.
分别将奶牛的气管纤毛在体外暴露于不同酸碱度的硫酸和氢氧化钠中20小时，结果显示，在低至pH 4.9时纤毛仍具运动能力，而在pH 6.7时上皮细胞开始从黏膜中排出，在该pH值附近纤毛功能开始下降。在碱性反应中，pH 9.76时出现纤毛运动停止。在pH 10.15以上发现纤毛遭到破坏，而在低至pH 4.0（所检测的最低值）时纤毛形态未发生变化。然而，不良反应的最初症状分别是在pH 6.7和9.5的酸性和碱性反应中出现细胞内水肿以及同时出现细胞息肉。结果表明，与例如纤毛运动研究相比，透射电子显微镜研究能更好地证明空气污染物的早期影响。
