Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Department of Entomology, Washington State University, 1100 N. Western Avenue, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2010 Aug;103(4):1277-85. doi: 10.1603/ec09389.
Studies were conducted to determine the residual toxicity of spinetoram, chlorantraniliprole, and emamectin benzoate to obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Larvae were exposed to apple (Malus spp.) foliage collected at different intervals after an airblast sprayer application at the manufacturer-recommended field rate and half the field rate. A mortality of 100% was recorded at field rate applications of spinetoram, chlorantraniliprole, and emamectin benzoate through 59, 38, and 10 d after treatment (DAT), respectively. Significantly less foliage was consumed by C. rosaceana larvae surviving in the emamectin, chlorantraniliprole, and spinetoram treatments compared with those exposed to untreated foliage. Third-instar C. rosaceana exposed to fresh residues on terminal foliage showed 100% mortality after 5-d exposure to spinetoram residues and after 10-d exposure to chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate. The effects of larval movement from foliage with fresh residues was examined by transferring neonate larvae from foliage treated with spinetoram, chlorantraniliprole, or emamectin benzoate to untreated foliage after various exposure intervals. An exposure of 1, 3, and 6 d was required for spinetoram, chlorantraniliprole, and emamectin benzoate to cause 100% mortality at the field rate, respectively. The higher the concentration of chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate, the less exposure time was necessary to cause high levels of mortality in C. rosaceana neonates. Our results indicate that these novel insecticides are highly toxic to C. rosaceana larvae. Implications of these results for C. rosaceana management programs are discussed.
研究旨在确定吡丙醚、氯虫苯甲酰胺和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对苹果卷叶蛾（斜纹夜蛾）（鳞翅目：卷蛾科）的残留毒性。幼虫暴露在苹果叶片上，这些叶片是在以制造商推荐的田间用量和半田间用量用喷雾器喷洒后不同时间收集的。田间用量的吡丙醚、氯虫苯甲酰胺和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐处理后 59、38 和 10 天（DAT），死亡率分别为 100%。与接触未处理叶片的幼虫相比，在甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、氯虫苯甲酰胺和吡丙醚处理中幸存的 C. rosaceana 幼虫食用的叶片明显减少。暴露在新鲜残留物上的三龄 C. rosaceana 幼虫在接触吡丙醚残留 5 天后和接触氯虫苯甲酰胺和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐残留 10 天后显示 100%的死亡率。通过将新孵化的幼虫从施用过吡丙醚、氯虫苯甲酰胺或甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的叶片转移到未处理的叶片上，研究了幼虫从有新鲜残留的叶片上移动的影响。施用过吡丙醚、氯虫苯甲酰胺或甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐后，分别需要 1、3 和 6 天的暴露时间才能使田间用量的药剂导致 100%的死亡率。氯虫苯甲酰胺和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的浓度越高，导致 C. rosaceana 幼虫死亡率达到 100%所需的暴露时间越短。我们的研究结果表明，这些新型杀虫剂对 C. rosaceana 幼虫具有高度毒性。讨论了这些结果对 C. rosaceana 管理计划的影响。
