Department of Coronary Heart Disease, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland.
Kardiol Pol. 2010 Sep;68(9):1032-7.
It is generally believed that in 50% of perimenopausal women several factors other than classical risk factors play a significant role in the development of premature coronary artery disease (CAD).
To determine the prevalence of five classical risk factors (cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and obesity) in women aged〈 55 years with premature CAD.
We performed a single-centre, case-control study in women〈 55 years with angiographically confirmed CAD or troponin-positive acute coronary syndrome. A total of 330 female patients were enrolled between April 2005 and January 2008. The control group consisted of 347 age-matched healthy women from a similar region selected from the National Health Survey WOBASZ study (Polish Multi-centre Population Health Survey) designed to assess the cardiovascular risk in the Polish adult population.
Compared to age-matched healthy controls, women with premature CAD had a very high prevalence of traditional risk factors - hypercholesterolaemia (82% vs 68%), smoking (current and former) (81% vs 48%), and hypertension (68% vs 42%). Women with premature CAD had 4.3 times more often diabetes, 1.68 times smoking and 1.63 times hypertension compared to controls. At least one of five classical risk factors was present in 98.8% of patients, compared to 89% in controls, while 10% of patients vs 1.4% of controls had all five of them.
Classical risk factors are present in the vast majority of females with premature CAD - in 99% of them at least one CAD risk factor is present. Premature CAD is most frequently associated with smoking, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia.
人们普遍认为，在 50%的围绝经期女性中，除了经典的危险因素外，还有其他一些因素在早发冠心病（CAD）的发展中起重要作用。
确定 50 岁以下早发 CAD 女性中五种经典危险因素（吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症和肥胖）的患病率。
我们进行了一项单中心病例对照研究，纳入了经血管造影证实的 CAD 或肌钙蛋白阳性急性冠状动脉综合征的〈55 岁女性。2005 年 4 月至 2008 年 1 月共纳入 330 名女性患者。对照组由来自类似地区的年龄匹配的 347 名健康女性组成，该组来自旨在评估波兰成年人群心血管风险的国家健康调查 WOBASZ 研究（波兰多中心人群健康调查）。
与年龄匹配的健康对照组相比，早发 CAD 女性具有极高的传统危险因素患病率——高胆固醇血症（82%比 68%）、吸烟（当前和既往）（81%比 48%）和高血压（68%比 42%）。早发 CAD 女性的糖尿病、吸烟和高血压患病率分别是对照组的 4.3 倍、1.68 倍和 1.63 倍。98.8%的患者存在五种经典危险因素中的至少一种，而对照组为 89%；10%的患者存在所有五种危险因素，而对照组为 1.4%。
经典危险因素存在于绝大多数早发 CAD 女性中——在 99%的患者中至少存在一种 CAD 危险因素。早发 CAD 最常与吸烟、高血压和高脂血症相关。
