National Center of Parasitology, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Bull World Health Organ. 2010 Sep 1;88(9):650-7. doi: 10.2471/BLT.09.073908. Epub 2010 Apr 7.
Dengue has been reportable in Cambodia since 1980. Virological surveillance began in 2000 and sentinel surveillance was established at six hospitals in 2001. Currently, national surveillance comprises passive and active data collection and reporting on hospitalized children aged 0-15 years. This report summarizes surveillance data collected since 1980.
Crude data for 1980-2001 are presented, while data from 2002-2008 are used to describe disease trends and the effect of vector control interventions. Trends in dengue incidence were analysed using the Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression model for time series.
During 1980-2001, epidemics occurred in cycles of 3-4 years, with the cycles subsequently becoming less prominent. For 2002-2008 data, linear regression analysis detected no significant trend in the annual reported age-adjusted incidence of dengue (incidence range: 0.7-3.0 per 1000 population). The incidence declined in 2.7% of the 185 districts studied, was unchanged in 86.2% and increased in 9.6%. The age-specific incidence was highest in infants aged < 1 year and children aged 4-6 years. The incidence was higher during rainy seasons. All four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes were permanently in circulation, though the predominant serotype has alternated between DENV-3 and DENV-2 since 2000. Although larvicide has been distributed in 94 districts since 2002, logistic regression analysis showed no association between the intervention and dengue incidence.
The dengue burden remained high among young children in Cambodia, which reflects intense transmission. The national vector control programme appeared to have little impact on disease incidence.
自 1980 年以来，柬埔寨已将登革热列为法定报告传染病。2000 年开始开展病毒学监测，2001 年在 6 家医院建立了哨点监测。目前，国家监测包括对住院的 0-15 岁儿童进行被动和主动数据收集和报告。本报告总结了自 1980 年以来收集的监测数据。
报告呈现了 1980-2001 年的原始数据，同时使用 2002-2008 年的数据描述疾病趋势和病媒控制干预措施的效果。使用 Prais-Winsten 广义线性回归模型对时间序列进行了登革热发病率趋势分析。
1980-2001 年期间，流行呈 3-4 年的周期发生，随后周期变得不那么明显。对于 2002-2008 年的数据，线性回归分析未发现登革热报告年龄调整发病率（发病率范围：0.7-3.0/1000 人）有显著趋势。在所研究的 185 个区中，发病率下降的区占 2.7%，不变的区占 86.2%，上升的区占 9.6%。年龄别发病率在 <1 岁的婴儿和 4-6 岁的儿童中最高。发病率在雨季较高。所有四种登革热病毒（DENV）血清型均持续存在循环，不过自 2000 年以来，优势血清型已在 DENV-3 和 DENV-2 之间交替。尽管自 2002 年以来在 94 个区分发了杀幼虫剂，但逻辑回归分析显示干预措施与登革热发病率之间无关联。
柬埔寨幼儿的登革热负担仍然很高，这反映了强烈的传播。国家病媒控制计划似乎对疾病发病率影响不大。
