HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2011 Aug;15(6):1187-96. doi: 10.1007/s10461-010-9815-8.
The incidence and prevalence of older adults living with HIV infection is increasing. Recent reports of increased neuropathologic and metabolic alterations in older HIV+ samples, including increased cortical beta-amyloid, have led some researchers to suggest that aging with HIV may produce a neuropsychological profile akin to that which is observed in "cortical" dementias (e.g., impairment in memory consolidation). To evaluate this possibility, we examined four groups classified by HIV serostatus and age (i.e., younger ≤40 years and older ≥50 years): (1) Younger HIV- (n = 24); (2) Younger HIV+ (n = 24); (3) Older HIV- (n = 20); and (4) Older HIV+ (n = 48). Main effects of aging were observed on episodic learning and memory, executive functions, and visuoconstruction, and main effects of HIV were observed on measures of verbal learning and memory. The interaction of age and HIV was observed on a measure of verbal recognition memory, which post hoc analyses showed to be exclusively attributed to the superior performance of the younger HIV seronegative group. Thus, in this sample of older HIV-infected individuals, the combined effects of HIV and aging do not appear to result in a "cortical" pattern of cognitive deficits.
随着年龄增长，感染艾滋病毒的老年人的发病率和患病率不断上升。最近的研究报告显示，老年 HIV 阳性样本的神经病理学和代谢改变增多，包括皮质β淀粉样蛋白增加，这促使一些研究人员提出，艾滋病毒感染伴随衰老可能会产生类似于“皮质”痴呆症（例如，记忆巩固受损）的神经心理学特征。为了评估这种可能性，我们检查了按 HIV 血清状态和年龄分类的四个组（即，≤40 岁的年轻组和≥50 岁的老年组）：（1）年轻的 HIV-（n=24）；（2）年轻的 HIV+（n=24）；（3）老年的 HIV-（n=20）；和（4）老年的 HIV+（n=48）。年龄的主要影响表现在情景学习和记忆、执行功能和视觉构建上，而 HIV 的主要影响表现在言语学习和记忆的测量上。年龄和 HIV 的相互作用表现在言语识别记忆的测量上，事后分析表明，这完全归因于年轻的 HIV 血清阴性组的优异表现。因此，在本研究中，HIV 和衰老的综合影响似乎不会导致“皮质”认知缺陷模式。
