Wu Pei-Chang, Tsai Chia-Ling, Hu Chia-Huo, Yang Yi-Hsin
Department of Opthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2010 Oct;17(5):338-42. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2010.508347.
The aim was to identify the prevalence and risk factors of myopia among elementary school students in a rural area of Taiwan.
A cross-sectional study was conducted. Elementary school students aged 7-12 years were recruited from the two schools located on Chimei Island. Data were obtained by means of a parent questionnaire and ocular evaluations that included axial length and cycloplegic autorefraction.
One hundred and forty five students were recruited for this study. Myopia prevalence was 31%. In univariate analysis, myopia was significantly associated with school year, myopic parent, and watching television (TV) (P < .0001, =0.007 and =0.029, respectively). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that myopia was significantly associated with school year and myopic parent. However, the effect of watching TV was not statistically significant (P=0.059). Outdoor activity showed significance and was inversely associated with myopia (Odds Ratio [OR]=0.3, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=0.1-0.9, P=0.025).
This study suggests that outdoor activities might be an important protecting factor for myopia in rural school children.
本研究旨在确定台湾某农村地区小学生近视的患病率及危险因素。
开展了一项横断面研究。从位于七美岛的两所学校招募了7至12岁的小学生。通过家长问卷及包括眼轴长度和散瞳验光在内的眼部评估获取数据。
本研究共招募了145名学生。近视患病率为31%。单因素分析显示，近视与学年、近视父母及看电视显著相关（P分别<0.0001、=0.007和=0.029）。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，近视与学年及近视父母显著相关。然而，看电视的影响无统计学意义（P=0.059）。户外活动显示出显著性，且与近视呈负相关（优势比[OR]=0.3，95%置信区间[CI]=0.1 - 0.9，P=0.025）。
本研究表明，户外活动可能是农村学龄儿童近视的一个重要保护因素。
