评估六个欧盟国家的职业病监测情况。

Evaluation of occupational disease surveillance in six EU countries.

机构信息

Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Occup Med (Lond). 2010 Oct;60(7):509-16. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqq133.

DOI:10.1093/occmed/kqq133

PMID:20871020

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Registries of occupational diseases in various European countries differ considerably in criteria for notification and recognition, statistical data provided and the legal and social security context. Therefore, figures on occupational diseases are not comparable between countries and are often regarded as not reliable even within a country. Still, registries of occupational diseases are an important source for policy on occupational safety and health.

AIMS

To evaluate registries of occupational diseases in European (EU) countries for their ability to provide appropriate information for preventive policy.

METHODS

Contact persons of national registries for occupational diseases in six countries were sent a questionnaire on the objectives of their registry and on the quality of monitoring time trends and alerting to new risks. An auditor then visited each contact person, discussed the completed questionnaire and sent a draft audit report to the contact person for verification. Two reviewers then established a quality score based on the verified audit report. The results of the audit were sent to each contact person, who was asked to evaluate the usefulness of the audit instrument for future quality improvement of the registry.

RESULTS

The objectives of the registries assessed in the six countries were compensation, provision of statistics, prevention and research. The average quality was rated 3.2 (SD 2.2) out of 10 for monitoring occupational diseases and 5.3 (SD 1.4) out of 10 for alerting to new risks. The main reasons for the low scores were inadequate education and training of physicians and poor participation of notifying physicians. Three of the six contact persons (50%) agreed that the audit could actually contribute to future quality improvement of the registry in relation to prevention.

CONCLUSIONS

Registries in EU countries do not adequately monitor existing occupational diseases or adequately alert to newly occurring occupational diseases. There is an urgent need to improve the education and participation of notifying physicians.

摘要

背景

欧洲各国的职业病登记在通知和认定标准、提供的统计数据以及法律和社会保障环境方面存在很大差异。因此，各国之间的职业病数据无法进行比较，甚至在一个国家内也常常被认为不可靠。尽管如此，职业病登记仍然是职业安全与健康政策的一个重要信息来源。

目的

评估欧洲（EU）国家职业病登记在为预防政策提供适当信息方面的能力。

方法

向六个国家的国家职业病登记联系人发送了一份问卷，内容涉及登记的目的以及监测时间趋势和新风险预警的质量。然后，审核员访问了每位联系人，讨论了完成的问卷，并向联系人发送了一份审计报告草稿供核实。然后，两位审核人根据经核实的审计报告确定了质量得分。将审计结果发送给每位联系人，要求他们对审计工具在未来提高登记质量方面的有用性进行评估。

结果

在六个国家评估的登记的目的是赔偿、提供统计数据、预防和研究。监测职业病的平均质量评分为 3.2（SD 2.2），新风险预警的平均质量评分为 5.3（SD 1.4）。得分较低的主要原因是医生的教育和培训不足以及通知医生的参与度低。六位联系人中的三位（50%）同意，审计实际上可以为未来与预防相关的登记质量改进做出贡献。