Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention/HIV Incidence and Case Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2010 Sep-Oct;125(5):718-27. doi: 10.1177/003335491012500514.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides funding for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) surveillance in 65 areas (states, cities, and U.S. dependent areas). We determined the amount of CDC funding per reported case of HIV infection and examined factors associated with differences in funding per reported case across areas.
We derived HIV data from the HIV/AIDS Reporting System (HARS) database. Budget numbers were based on award letters to health departments. We performed multivariate linear regression for all areas and for areas of low, moderate, and moderate-to-high morbidity.
Mean funding per case reported was $1,520, $441, and $411 in areas of low, moderate, and moderate-to-high morbidity, respectively. In low morbidity areas, funding per case decreased as log total cases increased (p < 0.001). For moderate and moderate-to-high morbidity areas, funding per case fell as log total cases increased (p < 0.001), but increased in accordance with an area's population (p < 0.05) and the proportion of that population residing in an urban setting (p < 0.05). The models for low, moderate, and moderate-to-high morbidity predicted funding per case as $1490, $423, and $390, respectively.
Economies of scale were evident. The amount of CDC core surveillance funding per case reported was significantly associated with the total number of cases in an area and, depending on morbidity, with total population and percentage of that population residing in an urban setting.
疾病预防控制中心（CDC）为 65 个地区（州、市和美国属地）的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）监测提供资金。我们确定了每例报告的 HIV 感染病例的 CDC 资金数额，并研究了与各地区报告病例资金差异相关的因素。
我们从艾滋病毒/艾滋病报告系统（HARS）数据库中获取 HIV 数据。预算数字基于向卫生部门的拨款信。我们对所有地区以及发病率低、中、中至高的地区进行了多元线性回归。
发病率低、中、中至高的地区，每例报告病例的平均资金分别为 1520 美元、441 美元和 411 美元。在低发病率地区，每例病例的资金随总病例对数的增加而减少（p<0.001）。在中、中至高发病率地区，每例病例的资金随总病例对数的增加而减少（p<0.001），但随地区人口增加（p<0.05）和该人口居住在城市地区的比例增加（p<0.05）。低、中、中至高发病率地区的模型分别预测每例病例的资金为 1490 美元、423 美元和 390 美元。
规模经济明显。每例报告病例的 CDC 核心监测资金与一个地区的总病例数显著相关，并且取决于发病率，还与总人口以及该人口居住在城市地区的比例相关。
