Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2010 Oct;44(5):901-11. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102010000500016.
To analyze factors associated with self-rated health in adults.
A population-based, cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of 2,051 adults aged between 20 and 59 years, in the city of Lages, Southern Brazil, in 2007. Household questionnaires were applied to obtain data on self-rated health, socioeconomic and demographic conditions, smoking habit, lifestyle and self-reported morbidities. Blood pressure, weight, height and abdominal circumference were measured. multivariable analysis was performed using Poisson regression, adjusted for the sampling design effect and stratified by sex.
Prevalence of positive self-rated health was 74.2% (95% CI: 71.3;77.0), significantly higher in men (82.3%, 95%CI: 79.3;85.0) than in women (66.9%, 95%CI: 63.2;70.7). Poorer, less educated and older men showed higher prevalences of negative self-rated health. After adjustment, high blood pressure levels and reporting chest wheezing were strongly associated with negative self-rated health in men. Prevalence of negative self-assessment was higher in poorer, less educated and older women and in those who showed abdominal obesity. High blood pressure levels, diabetes, chest wheezing and shortness of breath remained associated with the outcome after adjustment in women. The number of morbidities self-reported by women and men showed an association with negative self-rated health.
Women and individuals who were older, poorer or less educated considered their health condition to be fair or poor. The higher the number of self-reported morbidities, the greater the proportion of individuals with negative self-rated health; the effect of morbidities was greater in women.
分析成年人自评健康状况的相关因素。
这是一项基于人群的横断研究，于 2007 年在巴西南部城市拉热斯抽取了 2051 名 20 至 59 岁的成年人作为研究对象。采用家庭问卷收集自评健康状况、社会经济和人口统计学条件、吸烟习惯、生活方式以及自我报告的疾病等数据。测量血压、体重、身高和腰围。采用泊松回归进行多变量分析，并根据抽样设计效果进行调整，按性别分层。
自评健康状况良好的比例为 74.2%（95%可信区间：71.3；77.0），男性（82.3%，95%可信区间：79.3；85.0）显著高于女性（66.9%，95%可信区间：63.2；70.7）。较贫困、受教育程度较低和年龄较大的男性自评健康状况不良的比例更高。调整后，男性中高血压水平和报告胸闷与自评健康状况不良密切相关。较贫困、受教育程度较低和年龄较大的女性以及存在腹型肥胖的女性自评健康状况不良的比例较高。调整后，女性中高血压、糖尿病、胸闷和呼吸急促与自评健康状况不良仍相关。女性和男性报告的疾病数量与自评健康状况不良有关。
女性和年龄较大、较贫困或受教育程度较低的个体认为其健康状况一般或较差。自我报告的疾病数量越多，自评健康状况不良的个体比例越高；疾病对女性的影响更大。
