Graduate Program Nutrition and Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, 29040-090, Brazil.
Graduate Program Collective Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, 29040-090, Brazil.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Apr 12;23(1):680. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15548-4.
Self-rated health status can be considered a good predictor of morbidity and mortality and has been used due to its easy assessment and applicability. The instrument is efficient for understanding sociodemographic, environmental and clinical conditions that may be related to the self-rated health status. Thus, this study aims to analyze the self-assessment of health status in rural workers and its association with socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, clinical condition and work characteristics.
This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 787 male and female rural reporting agriculture as their main source of income in the municipality of Santa Maria de Jetibá. A simple and direct question was used "In general, compared to people your age, how do you rate your own state of health?" to see how rural workers rate their current health status. The independent variables analyzed were socioeconomic, clinical, health and work conditions. The magnitude of the associations was evaluated by means of hierarchical logistic regression.
It was found that 42.1% of rural workers self-rated their health status as regular or poor. Belonging to socioeconomic classes C (OR = 1.937; 95% CI = 1.009-3.720) or D/E (OR = 2.280; 95% CI = 1.178-4.415), being overweight (or having excess weight) (OR = 1.477; 95% CI = 1.086-2.008), multimorbidity (OR = 1.715; 95% CI = 1.201-2.447) and complex multimorbidity (OR = 1.738; 95% CI = 1.097-2.751) were risk factors for worse self-rated health.
It was concluded that chronic diseases, socioeconomic status and overweight are risk factors for negative self-rated health. The identification of these determinants through self-rated status can support the planning of actions aimed at improving the health of the rural population.
This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (Protocol No. 2091172; CAAE No. 52839116.3.0000.5060). All research participants gave their informed consent.
自感健康状况可被视为发病率和死亡率的良好预测指标，由于其易于评估和适用性，因此已被使用。该工具对于了解可能与自感健康状况相关的社会人口学、环境和临床状况非常有效。因此，本研究旨在分析农村工人的自我健康评估状况及其与社会经济特征、生活方式、临床状况和工作特征的关联。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入了来自圣玛丽亚德杰蒂巴市的 787 名男性和女性农村工人，他们的主要收入来源是农业。使用一个简单直接的问题“总的来说，与您同年龄的人相比，您如何评价自己的健康状况？”来了解农村工人如何评价自己的当前健康状况。分析的自变量包括社会经济、临床、健康和工作状况。通过分层逻辑回归评估关联的程度。
研究发现，42.1%的农村工人自感健康状况为一般或较差。属于社会经济阶层 C（OR=1.937；95%CI=1.009-3.720）或 D/E（OR=2.280；95%CI=1.178-4.415）、超重（或超重）（OR=1.477；95%CI=1.086-2.008）、多种疾病（OR=1.715；95%CI=1.201-2.447）和复杂多种疾病（OR=1.738；95%CI=1.097-2.751）是自感健康状况较差的危险因素。
本研究得出结论，慢性疾病、社会经济地位和超重是自感健康状况不佳的危险因素。通过自感健康状况识别这些决定因素，可以为改善农村人口健康状况的规划提供支持。
本研究得到了联邦圣埃斯皮里图大学健康科学中心伦理委员会的批准（编号为 2091172；CAAE 编号为 52839116.3.0000.5060）。所有研究参与者均签署了知情同意书。
