Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Jul;178(1-4):581-93. doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1714-y. Epub 2010 Sep 30.
More cities in developing countries now consider mechanic village (MV) as superior to the city wide auto-workshop practice following the increasing influx of used or waste automobile from industrialized nations. This is because of the numerous advantages of the mechanic village concept as a capacity building, and in poverty alleviation. Nevertheless, mechanic villages are poorly developed with no waste management plan. They are now identified with severe to excessive heavy metal soil pollution, causing ecological and public health hazards. This paper has a wider explanation of what it takes for a mechanic village to be environmentally friendly based on spectroscopic analysis and physical measurements conducted in three MVs. Heavy metal concentrations (mg kg( -1)) above background levels in the upper 100 cm soil profiles of the Okigwe, the Orji, and the Nekede MVs in the Imo River basin collectively range 748-70,606 for Fe; 99-1,090 for Pb; 186-600 for Mn; 102-1,001 for Cu; 8-23 for Cd; 4-27 for Cr; and 3-10 for Ni. The most abundant metals of environmental concerns are Pb, Mn, and Cu, in the order of Pb > Mn > Cu. Three-phase storm water treatment, emission testing, minimum safe farming distance (350 m), extended producer responsibility for disposal or recycling of used motor oil, phyto-remediation using local plants, groundwater monitoring wells, and continuous education of mechanics are recommended. Exporters of waste automobiles to developing countries and the United Nations may assist developing countries in establishing environmentally friendly MVs.
发展中国家越来越多的城市认为，机械村（MV）比城市范围内的汽车修理厂更优越，因为工业化国家的废旧汽车不断涌入。这是因为机械村概念具有许多优势，包括能力建设和扶贫。然而，机械村的发展并不完善，没有废物管理计划。它们现在被认为存在严重到过度的重金属土壤污染，对生态和公共健康造成危害。本文基于在伊莫河流域的奥基格韦、奥吉和内凯德三个机械村进行的光谱分析和物理测量，更广泛地解释了机械村如何实现环境友好。奥基格韦、奥吉和内凯德机械村上部 100 厘米土壤剖面中重金属浓度（mg kg(-1)）高于背景水平，Fe 分别为 748-70606、Pb 为 99-1090、Mn 为 186-600、Cu 为 102-1001、Cd 为 8-23、Cr 为 4-27、Ni 为 3-10。最受关注的环境金属是 Pb、Mn 和 Cu，其顺序为 Pb>Mn>Cu。建议采用三相雨水处理、排放测试、最小安全农田距离（350 米）、延长生产者对废旧机油处理或回收的责任、利用本地植物进行植物修复、地下水监测井以及对机械师进行持续教育。向发展中国家出口废旧汽车的国家和联合国可以帮助发展中国家建立环境友好型机械村。
