Division of Haematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43221, USA.
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2010 Oct;9(10):775-89. doi: 10.1038/nrd3179.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Early studies have shown that miRNA expression is deregulated in cancer and experimental data indicate that cancer phenotypes can be modified by targeting miRNA expression. Based on these observations, miRNA-based anticancer therapies are being developed, either alone or in combination with current targeted therapies, with the goal to improve disease response and increase cure rates. The advantage of using miRNA approaches is based on its ability to concurrently target multiple effectors of pathways involved in cell differentiation, proliferation and survival. In this Review, we describe the role of miRNAs in tumorigenesis and critically discuss the rationale, the strategies and the challenges for the therapeutic targeting of miRNAs in cancer.
微 RNA（miRNA）是进化上保守的小非编码 RNA，可调节基因表达。早期研究表明，miRNA 在癌症中表达失调，实验数据表明，通过靶向 miRNA 表达可以改变癌症表型。基于这些观察结果，正在开发基于 miRNA 的抗癌疗法，单独使用或与当前的靶向疗法联合使用，目的是提高疾病反应率并提高治愈率。使用 miRNA 方法的优势在于其能够同时靶向参与细胞分化、增殖和存活的途径中的多个效应物。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 miRNA 在肿瘤发生中的作用，并批判性地讨论了 miRNA 治疗靶向在癌症中的原理、策略和挑战。
