Gulino G, Sasso F, D'Onofrio A, Palermo G, Di Luigi F, Sacco E, Pinto F, Bassi P F
Clinica Urologica, Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma -Italy.
Urologia. 2010 Apr-May;77(2):100-6.
In the last decades a growing interest has been dedicated to prevention, diagnosis and therapy of male genital pathologies, such as varicocele, infertility and erectile dysfunction in the population involved in sport activities. High incidence (up to 30%) of varicocele has been reported in a population of athletes and up to 60-80% in the subgroup of body-builders. The incidence of varicocele specifically increases with hours of training, in a linear model. Controversial data come from literature about the effects of physical activity on fertility, with prevalence of trials demonstrating worsening of seminal parameters. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that physical stress in healthy male athletes can interfere with LH levels. Bicycling is one of the major risk factors for erectile dysfunction, with incidence of 13-24%. This is due to the prolonged compression of perineal arteries leading to reduced chronic penile perfusion. Bioengineering studies have been the basis for industry to produce specifically shaped saddles that significantly reduce and minimize compressive effects. Finally, high frequency of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in cyclists has been related to increased incidence of erectile dysfunction in comparison with normal population.
在过去几十年里，人们越来越关注参与体育活动人群中男性生殖系统疾病的预防、诊断和治疗，如精索静脉曲张、不育症和勃起功能障碍。据报道，运动员群体中精索静脉曲张的发病率高达30%，而健美运动员亚组中的发病率高达60 - 80%。精索静脉曲张的发病率尤其随着训练时长呈线性增加。关于体育活动对生育能力影响的文献数据存在争议，多数试验表明精液参数会恶化。此外，已证实健康男性运动员的身体应激会干扰促黄体生成素水平。骑自行车是勃起功能障碍的主要危险因素之一，发病率为13 - 24%。这是由于会阴部动脉长期受压导致阴茎慢性灌注减少。生物工程研究为行业生产特定形状的鞍座奠定了基础，这些鞍座能显著降低并最小化压迫效应。最后，与正常人群相比，骑自行车的人下尿路症状（LUTS）高发与勃起功能障碍发病率增加有关。
