Bergström J
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Dent Res. 1990 Dec;98(6):497-503. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.1990.tb01004.x.
The compliance with an oral hygiene intervention program and its effect on oral cleanliness and gingivitis was studied in smokers and non-smokers. The study group represented patients with regular dental attendance. It comprised 68 patients 21-60 yr of age, including 28 habitual smokers. The program included toothbrushing with an electric toothbrush for 12 months. Oral cleanliness was evaluated according to a percentage plaque index and gingivitis according to the percentage of bleeding sites. The compliance with the oral hygiene program was very high among smokers and non-smokers. Plaque index at baseline was very similar in smokers and non-smokers and remained so during the course of the investigation. Following the introduction of the oral hygiene program, plaque index decreased in both groups, and there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. In spite of the similarity in plaque index, gingival bleeding was significantly lower in smokers than non-smokers. The results suggest that smokers and non-smokers do not differ with respect to habitual oral hygiene or compliance with hygiene programs. In smokers, however, the clinical gingivitis expression in response to plaque is suppressed.
在吸烟者和非吸烟者中研究了口腔卫生干预计划的依从性及其对口腔清洁度和牙龈炎的影响。研究组为定期就诊的患者。该组包括68名21至60岁的患者，其中包括28名习惯性吸烟者。该计划包括使用电动牙刷刷牙12个月。根据菌斑指数百分比评估口腔清洁度，根据出血部位百分比评估牙龈炎。吸烟者和非吸烟者对口腔卫生计划的依从性都很高。吸烟者和非吸烟者的基线菌斑指数非常相似，并且在调查过程中一直如此。实施口腔卫生计划后，两组的菌斑指数均下降，两组之间无统计学显著差异。尽管菌斑指数相似，但吸烟者的牙龈出血明显低于非吸烟者。结果表明，吸烟者和非吸烟者在习惯性口腔卫生或卫生计划依从性方面没有差异。然而，在吸烟者中，对菌斑的临床牙龈炎表现受到抑制。
