Division of Paediatrics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2011 May;12(3 Pt 1):156-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2010.00678.x. Epub 2010 Sep 7.
To explore if drinking water may influence the development of type 1 diabetes in children, either via enterovirus spread via drinking water or quality of drinking water related to acidity or concentration of certain minerals.
One hundred and forty-two families with a child with diabetes and who lived either in seven municipalities with a high annual diabetes incidence during 1977-2001 and in six municipalities with the lowest incidence during those 25 yr were asked to participate. Three hundred and seventy-three families in these communities were used as controls. The families filled a 200-mL plastic bottle with their tap drinking water and returned it by mail. The water samples were analyzed for pH, zinc, iron, nitrate, nitrite, nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen, and occurrence of enterovirus RNA.
Enterovirus RNA was not found in the tap water samples. The concentration of zinc, nitrate, and nitrate-nitrogen was lower in the municipalities with high incidence of type 1 diabetes. The water samples from families with a child with diabetes had lower concentration of zinc than water samples from control families.
Low zinc in drinking water is associated with the risk of developing type 1 diabetes during childhood. Enterovirus does not seem to be spread via drinking water in a country with modern water works.
通过研究饮用水中肠病毒的传播，或者与水的酸度或某些矿物质浓度有关的饮用水质量，探讨饮用水是否会影响儿童 1 型糖尿病的发展。
邀请了 1977-2001 年期间 7 个高年度糖尿病发病率城市和 25 年间发病率最低的 6 个城市的 142 个糖尿病患儿家庭参与研究。这些社区中的 373 个家庭被用作对照组。这些家庭将 200 毫升的自来水装入塑料瓶并通过邮寄方式返还。对水样进行 pH 值、锌、铁、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮以及肠病毒 RNA 的分析。
自来水中未发现肠病毒 RNA。锌、硝酸盐和硝酸盐氮的浓度在 1 型糖尿病发病率较高的城市中较低。患有糖尿病儿童的家庭水样中的锌浓度低于对照组家庭的水样。
饮用水中锌含量低与儿童期 1 型糖尿病的发病风险有关。在拥有现代化自来水厂的国家，肠病毒似乎不会通过饮用水传播。
