Archer E K, Keegstra K
Department of Biology, Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut 06106.
J Bioenerg Biomembr. 1990 Dec;22(6):789-810. doi: 10.1007/BF00786931.
Most chloroplastic proteins are synthesized as precursors in the cytosol prior to their transport into chloroplasts. These precursors are generally synthesized in a form that is larger than the mature form found inside chloroplasts. The extra amino acids, called transit peptides, are present at the amino terminus. The transit peptide is necessary and sufficient to recognize the chloroplast and induce movement of the attached protein across the envelope membranes. In this review, we discuss the primary and secondary structure of transit peptides, describe what is known about the import process, and present some hypotheses on the evolutionary origin of the import mechanism.
大多数叶绿体蛋白在转运到叶绿体之前先在细胞质中以前体形式合成。这些前体通常以比叶绿体内部发现的成熟形式更大的形式合成。额外的氨基酸，称为转运肽，存在于氨基末端。转运肽对于识别叶绿体并诱导附着的蛋白质穿过包膜膜是必要且充分的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了转运肽的一级和二级结构，描述了关于导入过程的已知信息，并提出了一些关于导入机制进化起源的假设。
