癌症表观基因组。

Cancer epigenome.

机构信息

UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.

出版信息

Adv Genet. 2010;70:247-76. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-380866-0.60009-5.

PMID:20920751

Abstract

Cancer is a heterogeneous disease caused largely by abnormalities of the genome and the epigenome. Typically, such abnormalities include genetic changes such as mutations and other genomic rearrangements or epigenetic changes such as aberrant DNA methylation and histone modifications that are frequently mediated by exposure to environmental or lifestyle factors. Therefore, comprehensive genetic and epigenetic analysis of cancer genomes is the most effective way to identify causative changes involved in tumorigenesis, irrespective of whether they are inherited or acquired. In this chapter, we review recent progress in the field and discuss some of the pilot studies that have already established epigenomic analysis as integral part of modern cancer research and present a major step toward personalized treatment of this disease in the future.

摘要

癌症是一种由基因组和表观基因组的异常引起的异质性疾病。通常，此类异常包括遗传变化，如突变和其他基因组重排，或表观遗传变化，如异常的 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰，这些变化通常由环境或生活方式因素暴露介导。因此，对癌症基因组进行全面的遗传和表观遗传分析是识别肿瘤发生中涉及的因果变化的最有效方法，无论这些变化是遗传的还是获得的。在本章中，我们回顾了该领域的最新进展，并讨论了一些已经将表观基因组分析确立为现代癌症研究不可或缺的一部分的初步研究，并为未来针对这种疾病的个体化治疗迈出了重要一步。