Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, USA.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2010 Dec;45(6):488-505. doi: 10.3109/10409238.2010.512001. Epub 2010 Oct 6.
Epigenetic regulation of gene transcription relies on an array of recurring structural domains that have evolved to recognize post-translational modifications on histones. The roles of bromodomains, PHD fingers, and the Royal family domains in the recognition of histone modifications to direct transcription have been well characterized. However, only through recent structural studies has it been realized that these basic folds are capable of interacting with increasingly more complex histone modification landscapes, illuminating how nature has concocted a way to accomplish more with less. Here we review the recent biochemical and structural studies of several conserved folds that recognize modified as well as unmodified histone sequences, and discuss their implications on gene expression.
基因转录的表观遗传调控依赖于一系列反复出现的结构域，这些结构域进化到能够识别组蛋白的翻译后修饰。溴结构域、PHD 手指和皇家结构域在识别组蛋白修饰以指导转录方面的作用已经得到了很好的描述。然而，直到最近的结构研究才意识到，这些基本折叠能够与越来越复杂的组蛋白修饰景观相互作用，揭示了大自然是如何用更少的物质来完成更多的工作。在这里，我们回顾了最近关于几种保守折叠的生化和结构研究，这些折叠能够识别修饰和未修饰的组蛋白序列，并讨论了它们对基因表达的影响。
