Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South, Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
J Psychopharmacol. 2010 Nov;24(4 Suppl):27-35. doi: 10.1177/1359786810382057.
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is not only an objective measure of habitual physical activity, but also a useful diagnostic and prognostic health indicator for patients in clinical settings. Although compelling evidence has shown that CRF is a strong and independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality, the importance of CRF is often overlooked from a clinical perspective compared with other risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, or obesity. Several prospective studies indicate that CRF is at least as important as the traditional risk factors, and is often more strongly associated with mortality. In addition, previous studies report that CRF appears to attenuate the increased risk of death associated with obesity. Most individuals can improve their CRF through regular physical activity. Several biological mechanisms suggest that CRF improves insulin sensitivity, blood lipid profile, body composition, inflammation, and blood pressure. Based on the evidence, health professionals should encourage their patients to improve CRF through regular physical activity.
心肺适能（CRF）不仅是习惯性体力活动的客观衡量标准，也是临床环境中患者有用的诊断和预后健康指标。尽管有强有力的证据表明，CRF 是全因和心血管疾病死亡率的强有力且独立的预测因素，但与高血压、糖尿病、吸烟或肥胖等其他风险因素相比，CRF 的重要性往往被临床忽视。几项前瞻性研究表明，CRF 至少与传统风险因素同等重要，并且通常与死亡率的相关性更强。此外，先前的研究报告称，CRF 似乎可以降低肥胖相关的死亡风险增加。大多数人可以通过定期的身体活动来提高他们的 CRF。一些生物学机制表明，CRF 可以改善胰岛素敏感性、血脂谱、身体成分、炎症和血压。基于这些证据，健康专业人员应该鼓励他们的患者通过定期的身体活动来提高 CRF。
