Young patients with branch retinal vein occlusion: a review of 60 cases.

PURPOSE

To investigate the risk factors for branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in young patients.

METHODS

Observational case series with retrospective comparative controls. The medical records of 60 consecutive patients (aged ≤ 49 years) with BRVO were reviewed to note patients' age, sex, body mass index, history of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hormonal replacement therapy in women. Results were compared with those of a control group of 123 individuals.

RESULTS

An increased risk of BRVO was found in patients with a history of systemic hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and increased body mass index but not with diabetes, smoking, or hormone replacement therapy.

CONCLUSION

Systemic hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and increased body mass index are important risk factors for BRVO in young patients, just as in the older population. We recommend obtaining a complete blood count, reviewing the medical history, and evaluating the patient for systemic hypertension, obesity, and hyperlipidemia as part of the initial workup of young patients with BRVO. If no clear risk factors are found, a more extensive workup should be considered.