California School of Forensic Studies, Alliant International University, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2010 Oct;24(7):1243-56. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2010.514864.
In the present study a large sample of credible patients (n = 172) scored significantly higher than a large sample of noncredible participants (n = 195) on several WAIS-III Picture Completion variables: Age Adjusted Scaled Score, raw score, a "Rarely Missed" index (the nine items least often missed by credible participants), a "Rarely Correct" index (nine items correct <26% of the time in noncredible participants and with at least a 25 percentage-point lower endorsement rate as compared to credible participants), and a "Most Discrepant" index (the six items that were the most discrepant in correct endorsement between groups-at least a 40 percentage point difference). Comparison of the various scores showed that the "Most Discrepant" index outperformed all the others in identifying response bias (nearly 65% sensitivity at 92.8% specificity as compared to at most 59% sensitivity for the other scores). While no differences in Picture Completion scores were observed between less-educated (<12 years) and better-educated (≥12 years) credible participants, noncredible participants with <12 years of education scored significantly poorer than noncredible participants with 12 or more years of education. On the "Most Discrepant" index, 76.7% of less-educated noncredible participants were detected as compared to 58.3% of better-educated noncredible participants. Results of the current study suggest that the Picture Completion subtest of the WAIS-III is an effective measure of response bias, and that it may have a unique role in identifying suboptimal effort in less-educated test takers.
在本研究中，大量可信患者（n = 172）在 WAIS-III 图片完成变量上的得分明显高于大量不可信参与者（n = 195）：年龄调整量表分、原始分、“很少遗漏”指数（不可信参与者中遗漏最少的九个项目）、“很少正确”指数（不可信参与者中正确 <26%的九个项目，且与可信参与者相比，其认可率至少低 25 个百分点）和“最不一致”指数（在两组中最不一致的六个项目在正确认可方面——至少有 40 个百分点的差异）。比较各种分数发现，“最不一致”指数在识别反应偏差方面表现优于其他指数（近 65%的敏感性，92.8%的特异性，而其他指数最高为 59%的敏感性）。虽然在图片完成分数上，受教育程度较低（<12 年）和受教育程度较高（≥12 年）的可信参与者之间没有差异，但受教育程度较低的不可信参与者的得分明显低于受教育程度较高的不可信参与者。在“最不一致”指数上，76.7%的受教育程度较低的不可信参与者被检测到，而受教育程度较高的不可信参与者中只有 58.3%被检测到。本研究结果表明，WAIS-III 的图片完成子测验是反应偏差的有效测量指标，并且它可能在识别受教育程度较低的测试者的次优努力方面具有独特作用。
