Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Psychiatry, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton, NSW 2305, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2010 Oct;44(10):883-7. doi: 10.3109/00048674.2010.498786.
Organ transplantation can provide important treatment benefits in a variety of situations. While a number of live donor procedures are now possible, procurement of organs from dead donors remains the mainstay of transplant programmes. However, cadaveric donation rates remain much lower than anticipated, and some patients who receive organs struggle to adapt to their new body. The reasons for this are not entirely explained by rational or logical means. This paper uses concepts drawn from magical thinking to try to explain some of the less apparent issues at play within the process of cadaveric organ transplantation, including both the donation and receiving of organs. Three themes are explored as potentially relevant: superstitions and rituals around death and the dead body, incorporation and the meanings attached to the transplanted organ, and survivor guilt. All three are shown to be relevant for some part of the transplantation process in at least a minority of cases. It is therefore suggested that focusing not only on the logical and scientific, but also on the ambiguous and magical may enhance the organ donation process and thus increase donation rates and the psychological adjustment of transplant recipients.
器官移植在多种情况下都能提供重要的治疗益处。虽然现在有许多活体供者手术，但从死者获取器官仍然是移植项目的主要手段。然而，尸体捐献率仍然远低于预期，一些接受器官的患者难以适应他们的新身体。造成这种情况的原因并不能完全用理性或逻辑的方法来解释。本文利用来自魔幻思维的概念，试图解释在尸体器官移植过程中一些不太明显的问题，包括器官的捐献和接受。探讨了三个可能相关的主题：围绕死亡和尸体的迷信和仪式、融入和移植器官所附的意义，以及幸存者的内疚。所有三个主题在至少少数情况下都与移植过程的某个部分有关。因此，建议不仅关注逻辑和科学，还要关注模糊和魔幻的方面，这可能会增强器官捐献过程，从而提高捐献率和移植受者的心理调整。
