Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Centre Hospitalière Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010 Nov;14(11):1424-9.
National Tuberculosis (TB) Control Centre in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
To evaluate Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance among newly diagnosed and previously treated cases.
A total of 416 M. tuberculosis complex strains were isolated from 323 new and 93 previously treated patients under DOTS. Susceptibility to four anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid [INH], rifampicin [RMP], streptomycin [SM] and ethambutol [EMB]) was determined using the proportion method. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status was determined in 316 patients, 249 new and 67 previously treated cases, with informed consent.
Among new cases, 12.4% of strains were resistant to any drug, and 3.4% were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Resistance rates were very high in previously treated patients: INH (66.7%), RMP (51.6%), SM (44.1%), EMB (50.5%) and MDR (INH+RMP; 50.5%). Of 316 patients tested, 28.7% were HIV-positive. There was no statistically significant association between HIV status and MDR-TB in new (P = 0.95) and previously treated patients (P = 0.5).
Drug resistance is high in Burkina Faso. Early detection of infectious patients and completion of treatment are essential.
布基纳法索瓦加杜古国家结核病控制中心。
评估新诊断和既往治疗病例中结核分枝杆菌的药物耐药情况。
共从 323 例新发病例和 93 例既往治疗患者中分离出 416 株结核分枝杆菌复合菌株。采用比例法检测四种抗结核药物（异烟肼[INH]、利福平[RMP]、链霉素[SM]和乙胺丁醇[EMB]）的敏感性。在 316 例患者中（249 例新发病例和 67 例既往治疗病例），征得同意后检测人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）状态。
在新发病例中，12.4%的菌株对任何药物耐药，3.4%为耐多药（MDR）。既往治疗患者的耐药率非常高：INH（66.7%）、RMP（51.6%）、SM（44.1%）、EMB（50.5%）和 MDR（INH+RMP；50.5%）。在 316 例检测的患者中，28.7%为 HIV 阳性。新发病例（P=0.95）和既往治疗患者（P=0.5）中 HIV 状态与 MDR-TB 之间无统计学显著关联。
布基纳法索的药物耐药率很高。早期发现传染性患者并完成治疗至关重要。
