Fundação Estadual de Produção e Pesquisa em Saúde (FEPPS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010 Sep-Oct;86(5):435-40. doi: 10.2223/JPED.2033.
To investigate whether the lack of knowledge of toxic agents in households is a risk factor for individual unintentional childhood poisoning.
The case group (n = 25) was composed of caregivers of children under 60 months of age who underwent accidental oral poisoning and were treated at two reference hospitals in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil, and recorded in the Toxicology Information Center database. The control group (n = 25) was composed of caregivers of children matched for sex, age, and presence in their homes of the same toxic agents found in the case group, who sought emergency medical care at the same hospitals, but for other reasons. A structured questionnaire was administered to verify the following questions: sociodemographic data, clinical history, behavioral antecedents of caregivers, storage of toxic agents, history of previous poisoning accidents.
The children's mean age was 31.8 months (±0.97) and mean height was 93 cm (±11). Families, in both groups, were aware of the toxic action of agents available in their homes; however, caregivers in the control group were twice as likely to have such knowledge compared to the case group. Distraction was 15 times more likely to occur among caregivers of children who underwent poisoning compared to the control group. Storage of toxic agents below 150 cm was approximately 17 times more likely to occur in the group of children who underwent poisoning compared to children in the control group.
Lack of knowledge of the toxic action of agents stored in households is not a risk factor for childhood poisoning. The attributable risks described in this study indicated that the elimination of other factors, such as distraction and storage below 150 cm, would lead to the prevention of 13 and 19% of poisonings in childhood, respectively.
研究家庭对毒物缺乏认知是否是儿童个体意外中毒的危险因素。
病例组（n=25）由在巴西南里奥格兰德州两家参考医院接受治疗的 60 个月以下儿童的看护者组成，这些儿童发生了意外口服中毒，且这些病例均被记录在毒理学信息中心数据库中。对照组（n=25）由性别、年龄与病例组相匹配的儿童的看护者组成，这些儿童因其他原因到同一医院的急诊就诊。通过问卷调查，对以下问题进行了验证：社会人口学数据、临床病史、看护者的行为先兆、毒物的储存、中毒事故的既往史。
儿童的平均年龄为 31.8 个月（±0.97），平均身高为 93 厘米（±11）。两组家庭都知道家中可用毒物的毒性作用；然而，对照组看护者的知晓率是病例组的两倍。与对照组相比，发生中毒的儿童的看护者发生分心的可能性高 15 倍。与对照组相比，中毒组儿童毒物储存高度在 150 厘米以下的可能性高 17 倍。
家庭中储存的毒物毒性作用的知识缺乏不是儿童中毒的危险因素。本研究中描述的归因风险表明，消除其他因素，如分心和低于 150 厘米的储存，将分别导致儿童中毒的预防率达到 13%和 19%。
