Zuppa A A, Antichi E, Fracchiolla A, Carducci C, Catenazzi P, Romagnoli C
Divisione di Neonatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Pediatriche, Medico Chirurgiche e Neuroscienze dello Sviluppo, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia.
Minerva Pediatr. 2010 Aug;62(4):397-409.
Despite the well-known nutritive, psychological, immunological and economical benefits of breast-feeding, some contraindications exist, such as some mother infectious diseases transmitted through the breastfeeding itself. The risk of transmitting an infectious agent through breast milk seems to be relatively low, except for some virus diseases (CMV HIV), for some invasive bacteria forms (Salmonella typhimurium and Brucella) and for the presence of abscesses and mastitis. In some mother infectious disease, a correct hygiene allows the continuation of breastfeeding without risks for the infant, whereas in other cases it is recommended to breastfeed for the role of defence carried out from specific antibodies contained in the breast milk. Therefore, the decision of interrupting the breastfeeding may be done only after comparing risks and benefits, considering current knowledge on transmission of infectious pathologies.
尽管母乳喂养具有众所周知的营养、心理、免疫和经济益处，但仍存在一些禁忌情况，例如某些母亲的传染病可通过母乳喂养本身传播。除了一些病毒疾病（巨细胞病毒、艾滋病毒）、某些侵袭性细菌类型（鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和布鲁氏菌）以及存在脓肿和乳腺炎外，通过母乳传播感染源的风险似乎相对较低。在某些母亲患有传染病的情况下，正确的卫生措施可使母乳喂养得以继续而不会对婴儿造成风险，而在其他情况下，由于母乳中所含特定抗体的防御作用，建议进行母乳喂养。因此，只有在比较风险和益处，并考虑到目前关于传染病传播的知识后，才能做出中断母乳喂养的决定。
