University of Lübeck, Department of Neuroendocrinology, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2010 Feb;11(2):114-26. doi: 10.1038/nrn2762. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
Sleep has been identified as a state that optimizes the consolidation of newly acquired information in memory, depending on the specific conditions of learning and the timing of sleep. Consolidation during sleep promotes both quantitative and qualitative changes of memory representations. Through specific patterns of neuromodulatory activity and electric field potential oscillations, slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep support system consolidation and synaptic consolidation, respectively. During SWS, slow oscillations, spindles and ripples - at minimum cholinergic activity - coordinate the re-activation and redistribution of hippocampus-dependent memories to neocortical sites, whereas during REM sleep, local increases in plasticity-related immediate-early gene activity - at high cholinergic and theta activity - might favour the subsequent synaptic consolidation of memories in the cortex.
睡眠已被确定为一种状态，可根据学习的具体条件和睡眠的时间优化新获取信息在记忆中的巩固。睡眠期间的巩固促进了记忆表现的数量和质量的变化。通过特定的神经调制活性模式和电场电势振荡，慢波睡眠（SWS）和快速眼动（REM）睡眠分别支持系统巩固和突触巩固。在 SWS 期间，在最低的胆碱能活性下，慢波、纺锤波和涟漪协调海马体依赖记忆的重新激活和重新分布到新皮质部位，而在 REM 睡眠期间，与可塑性相关的即刻早期基因活性的局部增加 - 在高胆碱能和θ活动下 - 可能有利于皮质中记忆的随后突触巩固。
