The Centre for Military and Veterans Health, School of Population Health and Clinical Practice, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2011 Feb;79(2):155-65. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.10.002. Epub 2010 Oct 13.
We conducted a quantitative electroencephalographic (QEEG) and autonomic assessment of panic disorder (PD). The study samples comprised 52 individuals meeting DSM-IV criteria for PD (with or without agoraphobia) and 104 age-, gender-, and handedness-matched controls. EEG data were acquired from 16 scalp sites during resting eyes-open (REO) and eyes-closed (REC) conditions, and spectral power was assessed within 4 frequency bands: theta, alpha-1, alpha-2, and beta. The main findings were an overall reduction of spectral power in PD, compared to controls (Group main effect, p=.011), which was most apparent during REC (Group Condition interaction, p=.014), and within the alpha-1 frequency band (8-11 Hz; Group Band interaction, p=.014). Alpha-1 desynchronization occurs in response to increases in non-specific information processing, and aspects of attention such as alertness. Other findings were region-specific alterations of spectral power at frontal and temporal scalp sites, including a frontal alpha-1 asymmetry (R<L power) during REC in patients, but not controls. Findings for concomitantly-recorded autonomic measures included elevated heart rate, lower heart rate variability, and reduced rate of decrement of skin conductance level in patients, compared to controls. Finally, analyses examining the within-subjects relationship of central and peripheral function measures showed a differential pattern in patients and controls. Possible causes of these disturbances of brain and body function 'at rest', such as patients' ongoing automatic and strategic engagement with multiple disorder-related threat cues, including somatic variability and the testing environment, are discussed.
我们对惊恐障碍（PD）进行了定量脑电图（QEEG）和自主评估。研究样本包括 52 名符合 DSM-IV 标准的 PD 患者（伴有或不伴有广场恐怖症）和 104 名年龄、性别和惯用手匹配的对照者。在静息睁眼（REO）和闭眼（REC）条件下，从 16 个头皮部位采集 EEG 数据，并在 4 个频带内评估频谱功率：θ、α-1、α-2 和β。主要发现是与对照组相比，PD 患者的频谱功率总体降低（组间主要效应，p=.011），在 REC 期间最为明显（组间条件交互作用，p=.014），且在α-1 频带（8-11 Hz；组频带交互作用，p=.014）。α-1 去同步化发生在非特异性信息处理和警觉等注意力方面的增加。其他发现是头皮前部和颞部的频谱功率出现区域特异性改变，包括 REC 期间患者的额部α-1 不对称（R<L 功率），但对照组没有。同时记录的自主测量结果包括患者的心率升高、心率变异性降低以及皮肤电传导水平的衰减率降低，与对照组相比。最后，检查中枢和外周功能测量的个体内关系的分析显示了患者和对照组之间的不同模式。这些“静息”时大脑和身体功能紊乱的可能原因，例如患者持续的与多种与疾病相关的威胁线索（包括躯体变异性和测试环境）进行的自动和策略性参与，正在讨论中。
